Heritage Apple Corps - User contributions [en]

MediaWiki:Common.js

2026-06-01T17:04:40Z

Bot: Add site-wide navigation bar and footer disclaimer

/* Heritage Apple Corps customizations */
$(function () {
// Inject site-wide navigation bar
var navHTML =
'<div id="hac-navbar">' +
'<div class="hac-container">' +
'<div class="hac-inner">' +
'<div class="hac-branding"><a href="/site/"><img src="/logo.png" alt="" class="hac-logo">Heritage Apple Corps</a></div>' +
'<nav class="hac-nav-wrap" aria-label="Primary">' +
'<ul class="hac-nav">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta"><a href="/index.php/Main_Page">Tree Registry</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta-red"><a href="/varieties/">Variety Finder</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/events/">Events</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/news/">Media</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/about/">About Us</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/donate/">Contribute</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</nav>' +
'<button class="hac-toggle" aria-label="Open menu">' +
'<svg viewBox="0 0 24 28" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 21v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 13v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 5v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1C.453 8 0 7.547 0 7V5c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1z"/></svg>' +
'</button>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'<div id="hac-mobile-nav">' +
'<div class="hac-mobile-header">' +
'<button class="hac-mobile-close" aria-label="Close menu">×</button>' +
'</div>' +
'<ul class="hac-mobile-list">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta"><a href="/index.php/Main_Page">Tree Registry</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta-red"><a href="/varieties/">Variety Finder</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/events/">Events</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/news/">Media</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/about/">About Us</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/donate/">Contribute</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</div>';

$('body').prepend(navHTML);

// Extra favicon link tags (MediaWiki only emits the .ico by default)
$('head')
.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">')
.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">')
.append('<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">');

// Mobile toggle handlers
$('.hac-toggle').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').addClass('active');
});
$('.hac-mobile-close').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
$('#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list a').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
});

/* Footer disclaimer — public wiki */
$(function () {
var msg =
'Community‑edited information only. Not affiliated with any land‑management agency. ' +
'Content may be inaccurate. Descriptions of trees or sites do not imply permission to cut, ' +
'collect, or alter vegetation. Follow all laws, permits, and official guidance on public lands.';
$('<div id="hac-footer-disclaimer"></div>').text(msg).appendTo('#mw-footer');
});

MediaWiki:Common.css

2026-06-01T17:04:38Z

Bot: Add site-wide navigation bar styles

/* Heritage Apple Corps — site-wide navigation bar */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@500;700&display=swap');

/* Hide Timeless decorative color bars */
#mw-header-hack,
#mw-header-nav-hack {
display: none !important;
}

/* Push Timeless skin fixed elements below navbar */
#mw-header-container {
top: 80px !important;
}

#mw-content-container {
margin-top: calc(3.475em + 80px) !important;
}

/* === Navbar === */
#hac-navbar {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
z-index: 1000;
background: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 2px 6px 2px rgba(26, 32, 44, 0.1);
}

#hac-navbar * {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-container {
max-width: 1230px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-inner {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
min-height: 80px;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-branding a {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 24px;
color: #2e4aac;
text-decoration: none;
letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-branding a:hover {
color: #192e75;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-logo {
height: 48px;
width: 48px;
display: block;
}

/* Desktop nav links */
#hac-navbar .hac-nav {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
list-style: none;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li a {
display: block;
padding: 0.6em;
color: #2d4aad;
font-size: 18px;
font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
font-weight: 500;
text-decoration: none;
transition: color 0.2s;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li a:hover {
color: #192e75;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li.hac-cta a {
background: #2d4aad;
color: #ffffff;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.5em 1.2em;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
font-size: 16px;
transition: background 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li.hac-cta a:hover {
background: #3d60dc;
color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 8px 20px -7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li.hac-cta-red a {
background: #c0392b;
color: #ffffff;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.5em 1.2em;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
font-size: 16px;
transition: background 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-nav li.hac-cta-red a:hover {
background: #e74c3c;
color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 8px 20px -7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Hamburger toggle */
#hac-navbar .hac-toggle {
display: none;
background: none;
border: 1px solid #1A202C;
color: #1A202C;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 4px;
}

#hac-navbar .hac-toggle svg {
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
fill: currentColor;
display: block;
}

/* Mobile nav overlay */
#hac-mobile-nav {
display: none;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: #ffffff;
z-index: 2000;
flex-direction: column;
padding: 1.5rem;
box-sizing: border-box;
overflow-x: hidden;
}

#hac-mobile-nav * {
box-sizing: border-box;
}

#hac-mobile-nav.active {
display: flex;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-header {
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-end;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-close {
background: none;
border: none;
font-size: 32px;
cursor: pointer;
color: #1A202C;
padding: 0.2em;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list {
list-style: none;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list li a {
display: block;
padding: 0.5em 0;
font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
font-size: 22px;
color: #1A202C;
text-decoration: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list li a:hover {
color: #3366cc;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list li.hac-cta a {
background: #2d4aad;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-top: 1rem;
padding: 0.8em 1em;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
border-bottom: none;
}

#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list li.hac-cta-red a {
background: #c0392b;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-top: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.8em 1em;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
border-bottom: none;
}

/* Footer disclaimer (public wiki only) */
#hac-footer-disclaimer {
font-size: 0.8em;
color: #7bafd4;
text-align: center;
padding: 0.6em 1.5em 0.4em;
border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
margin-top: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Responsive — mobile/tablet */
@media (max-width: 1074px) {
/* Switch HAC navbar to mobile layout */
#hac-navbar .hac-nav-wrap {
display: none;
}
#hac-navbar .hac-toggle {
display: block;
}
#hac-navbar .hac-inner {
min-height: 64px;
}
#hac-navbar .hac-branding a {
font-size: 20px;
}
}

/* Timeless skin tablet adjustments (851-1099px): sidebar becomes
dropdown triggers positioned above content block at top:-2.35em.
Move them down to sit just above content, below the header. */
@media (min-width: 851px) and (max-width: 1099px) {
#mw-site-navigation,
#mw-related-navigation {
top: -0.5em !important;
}
}

/* Timeless skin mobile adjustments (below skin's own breakpoint) */
@media (max-width: 850px) {
/* Push Timeless header elements below the 64px HAC navbar.
At <=850px the Timeless skin switches #mw-header-container
to position:static with padding-top:3.75em. The hamburger,
gear, user icons, and site title (#site-navigation h2,
#site-tools h2, #user-tools h2, #p-logo-text) become
position:absolute relative to the viewport (not the
container), so they must be pushed down individually. */
#mw-header-container {
padding-top: calc(3.75em + 64px) !important;
}
#p-logo-text {
top: calc(1em + 64px) !important;
}
#user-tools h2 {
top: calc(1em + 64px) !important;
}
#site-navigation h2 {
top: calc(1em + 64px) !important;
}
#site-tools h2 {
top: calc(1em + 64px) !important;
}
/* Remove default content margin (color bars are gone) */
#mw-content-container {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
}

All Trees

2026-05-23T21:12:25Z

Bot: Add Tetherow Crossing trees (2 trees)

__NOTOC__

== All Trees Map ==

This map shows all trees with known coordinates. Click on a marker to see the tree details.

{{#ask: [[Category:Trees]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has variety
|format=leaflet
|height=600px
|width=100%
|limit=9999
|zoom=10
|fullscreen=on
|layers=OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap, Esri.WorldImagery
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
! Tree !! Photo !! Orchard !! Species !! Variety !! Field Tag !! Diameter<br/>(in) !! Crown<br/>(ft) !! Height<br/>(ft) !! Condition !! Clarno
|-
| [[5 Tree Tree 101|#101]] || [[File:Tree_5_Tree_101.jpg|50px]] || [[5 Tree]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 101 || 12 || 13 || 14 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 1|#1]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_1.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 1 || 18 || 11 || 27 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 4|#4]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_4.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 4 || 8 || 8 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 5|#5]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_5.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 5 || 12 || 13 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 6|#6]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_6.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 6 || 11 || 15 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 7|#7]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_7.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 7 || 6 || 10 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 8|#8]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_8.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 8 || 13 || 15 || 11 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 9|#9]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_9.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 9 || 14 || 14 || 10 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 10|#10]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_10.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 10 || 8 || 12 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 11|#11]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_11.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 11 || 16 || 20 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 12|#12]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_12.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 12 || 10 || 15 || 10 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 13|#13]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_13.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 13 || 20 || 20 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 14|#14]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_14.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 14 || 10 || 8 || 10 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 15|#15]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_15.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Blue Pearmain]] || 15 || 16 || 15 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 16|#16]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 16 || 11 || 7 || 10 || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 17|#17]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_17.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 17 || 20 || 24 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 19|#19]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_19.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Ohio Pippin]] || 19 || 19 || 20 || 13 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 20|#20]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_20.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 20 || 8 || 10 || 10 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 21|#21]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Monmouth Pippin]] || 21 || 19 || 13 || 17 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 22|#22]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_22.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Duchess of Oldenburg]] || 22 || 11 || 12 || 15 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 23|#23]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_23.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 23 || 16 || 20 || 22 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 24|#24]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_24.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 24 || 9 || 13 || 12 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 25|#25]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_25.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 25 || 7 || 9 || 9 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus #1 Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Cyrus #1]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus #5 Tree 5|#5]] || || [[Cyrus #5]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 5 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 114|#114]] || || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 114 || 9 || 10 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 115|#115]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_115.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 115 || 13 || 24 || 30 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 116|#116]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_116.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 116 || 12 || 18 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 117|#117]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_117.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 117 || 15 || 5 || 6 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 118|#118]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_118.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 118 || 9 || 8 || 8 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26|#26]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_26.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[UAF5]] || 26 || 11 || 14 || 17 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27|#27]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_27.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 27 || 4 || 5 || 8 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 28|#28]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 28 || 20 || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 29|#29]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 29 || 16 || 16 || 20 || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30|#30]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_30.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 30 || 16 || 21 || 21 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31|#31]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_31.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 31 || 18 || 22 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32|#32]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_32.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 32 || 14 || 12 || 15 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 33|#33]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 33 || 7 || 9 || 22 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34|#34]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_34.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 34 || 23 || 22 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 35|#35]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 35 || 18 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 36|#36]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 36 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp #2 Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp #2]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[East Springer Tree 108|#108]] || [[File:Tree_East_Springer_108.jpg|50px]] || [[East Springer]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 108 || 28 || 15 || 14 || Poor ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 1|#1]] || || [[El Rancho]] || || Unknown || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 3|#3]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Gravenstein]] || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 4|#4]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Red Delicious]] || 4 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:El Rancho Tree 2.jpg|50px]] || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 5|#5]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 0|#0]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || || Yes
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 1|#1]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 2|#2]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Grandview Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Grandview]] || Apple || [[Gravenstein]] || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 2|#2]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || Poor ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 4|#4]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 4 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 5|#5]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 5 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 6|#6]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 6 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Haystack Tree 109|#109]] || [[File:Tree_Haystack_109.jpg|50px]] || [[Haystack]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 109 || 15 || 10 || 15 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 1|#1]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_1.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_2.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 3|#3]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_3.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 102|#102]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_102.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 102 || 30 || 35 || 36 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 103|#103]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_103.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 103 || 27 || 32 || 40 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 104|#104]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_104.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[McIntosh]] || 104 || 27 || 20 || 25 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 105|#105]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_105.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[McIntosh]] || 105 || 15 || 10 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 106|#106]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_106.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Esopus Spitzenburg]] || 106 || 20 || 8 || 8 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 107|#107]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_107.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Pear || [[pear]] || 107 || 8 || 15 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 119|#119]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_119.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Plum || [[plum or poor DNA]] || 119 || 6 || 12 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 68|#68]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_68.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 68 || 24 || 20 || 25 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 69|#69]] || [[File:Tree McCoin Lower 69.JPG|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 69 || 22 || 30 || 33 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 70|#70]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_70.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 70 || 12 || 15 || 19 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 71|#71]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_71.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 71 || 13 || 15 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 72|#72]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_72.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Missouri Pippin]] || 72 || 13 || 18 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 73|#73]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_73.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 73 || 29 || 30 || 28 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 74|#74]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_74.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 74 || 27 || 23 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 75|#75]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_75.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Blue Pearmain]] || 75 || 13 || 18 || 26 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 76|#76]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_76.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 76 || 19 || 28 || 31 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 77|#77]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_77.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 77 || 24 || 35 || 31 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 78|#78]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_78.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 78 || 25 || 30 || 32 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 79|#79]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_79.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 79 || 10 || 8 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 80|#80]] || [[File:Tree McCoin Lower 80.JPG|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 80 || 16 || 18 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 81|#81]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_81.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 81 || 15 || 12 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 82|#82]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_82.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 82 || 27 || 30 || 40 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 83|#83]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_83.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 83 || 21 || 17 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 84|#84]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_84.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 84 || 17 || 18 || 19 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 85|#85]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_85.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 85 || 11 || 16 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 86|#86]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_86.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 86 || 10 || 15 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 87|#87]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_87.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 87 || 19 || 20 || 27 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 88|#88]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_88.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 88 || 17 || 15 || 15 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 89|#89]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_89.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 89 || 18 || 20 || 25 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 90|#90]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_90.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 90 || 23 || 20 || 21 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 91|#91]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_91.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 91 || 11 || 15 || 19 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 92|#92]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_92.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 92 || 12 || 12 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 93|#93]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_93.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 93 || 13 || 10 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 94|#94]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_94.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 94 || 12 || 12 || 17 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 95|#95]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_95.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 95 || 14 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 96|#96]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_96.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 96 || 11 || 18 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 97|#97]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_97.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 97 || 13 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 100|#100]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_100.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[plum or poor DNA]] || 100 || 4 || 8 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 37|#37]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_37.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 37 || 19 || 21 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 38|#38]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_38.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 38 || 17 || 18 || 17 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 39|#39]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_39.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 39 || 22 || 19 || 22 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 40|#40]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_40.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[White Winter Pearmain]] || 40 || 24 || 20 || 15 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 41|#41]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_41.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[White Winter Pearmain]] || 41 || 12 || 10 || 13 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 42|#42]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_42.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 42 || 18 || 22 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 43|#43]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_43.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 43 || 20 || 25 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 44|#44]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_44.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 44 || 19 || 30 || 28 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 45|#45]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_45.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 45 || 24 || 22 || 15 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 46|#46]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_46.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Fameuse]] || 46 || 11 || 18 || 18 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 47|#47]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_47.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Fameuse]] || 47 || 15 || 10 || 9 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 48|#48]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_48.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Esopus Spitzenburg]] || 48 || 14 || 18 || 18 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 49|#49]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_49.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 49 || 21 || 31 || 18 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 50|#50]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_50.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin]] || 50 || 10 || 3 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 51|#51]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_51.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || Unique || 51 || 18 || 12 || 10 || Dead ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 52|#52]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_52.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 52 || 18 || 18 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 53|#53]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_53.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || Unique || 53 || 11 || 20 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 54|#54]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_54.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 54 || 5 || 12 || 12 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 55|#55]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_55.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 55 || 12 || 20 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 56|#56]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_56.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 56 || 5 || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 57|#57]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_57.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 57 || 6 || 12 || 12 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 58|#58]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_58.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 58 || 7 || 15 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 59|#59]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 59 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 60|#60]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 60 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 61|#61]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 61 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 62|#62]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 62 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 63|#63]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_63.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Black Twig]] || 63 || 27 || 30 || 30 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 64|#64]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_64.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 64 || 20 || 15 || 28 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 65|#65]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_65.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Winesap]] || 65 || 15 || 12 || 15 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 66|#66]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_66.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Winesap]] || 66 || 28 || 20 || 28 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 67|#67]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_67.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 67 || 2 || 4 || 9 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Non Affiliated Trees Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Non Affiliated Trees]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 1|#1]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 2|#2]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 3|#3]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 110|#110]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_110.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Pear || Pear || 110 || || || || ||

|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 111|#111]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_111.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || [[Monmouth Pippin]] || 111 || 25 || 36 || 35 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 112|#112]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_112.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || Unique || 112 || 24 || 36 || 35 || Good ||
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 113|#113]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_113.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || [[Stark]] || 113 || 27 || 35 || 35 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[Owens Ranch Homestead Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Owens Ranch Homestead]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Owens Ranch Homestead Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Owens Ranch Homestead]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || [[UAF5]] || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || [[Grimes Golden]] || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 2.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 4|#4]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 4.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || || 4 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 5|#5]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 5.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Pear || || 5 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Tetherow Crossing Tree 1|#1]] || [[File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_1.jpg|50px]] || [[Tetherow Crossing]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Tetherow Crossing Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_2.jpg|50px]] || [[Tetherow Crossing]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 2|#2]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 124|#124]] || [[File:Tree West Lithgow 124.jpeg|50px]] || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 124 || 9 || 15 || 18 || Fair ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 125|#125]] || [[File:Tree West Lithgow 125.jpeg|50px]] || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 125 || 8 || 10 || 5 || Poor ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 126|#126]] || || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 126 || 9 || 10 || 6 || Poor ||
|}

== Notes ==

* '''Diameter''' - Trunk diameter in inches
* '''Crown''' - Crown width in feet
* '''Height''' - Tree height in feet
* Photos shown are thumbnails - click tree number to see full-size images

[[Category:Trees]]

Tetherow Crossing

2026-05-23T21:12:18Z

Bot: Create Tetherow Crossing orchard page

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=Tetherow Crossing
|location=Tetherow Crossing Park, Redmond Area, Oregon
}}

The '''Tetherow Crossing''' orchard is a pair of surviving heritage apple trees on the grounds of '''Tetherow Crossing Park''' along the Deschutes River north of Redmond, Oregon. The park preserves the site of the '''Tetherow homestead''' — one of the oldest standing houses in Deschutes County — and an early pioneer cable ferry crossing. The park is managed by the '''Redmond Area Park & Recreation District (RAPRD)'''.

[[File:Tetherow Crossing Park Sign.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Park sign noting the site's history as the oldest standing house in Deschutes County and an early pioneer cable ferry crossing.]]

== History ==
The Tetherow homestead, built in '''1878–1879''', is one of the oldest surviving houses in Deschutes County. The site served as an early river ford, inn, farm, and supply point for travelers moving through Central Oregon, and historical accounts confirm that the Tetherow family maintained a working orchard during the late 19th century. Apples were a practical frontier crop, providing fresh fruit, cider, vinegar, and trade goods for the steady flow of travelers who relied on the crossing long before bridges and modern roads existed.

During the May 2026 Heritage Apple Corps survey, two surviving apple trees were documented at the site and sampled for DNA analysis. '''Tree 1''' shows a clear graft union at the groundline, indicating it originated from grafted nursery stock and is likely a direct survivor of the original Tetherow orchard. '''Tree 2''', lacking a visible graft, may represent either a second cultivar or a seedling descendant from the orchard's active period. Together, these trees form a rare living link to early orchards in the Deschutes Basin and may help clarify how apple cultivars moved across Central Oregon's frontier homesteads.

== Orchard Map ==
[[File:Tetherow Crossing Aerial.jpg|thumb|400px|center|Aerial view of Tetherow Crossing Park showing the two surviving heritage apple trees along the Deschutes River.]]

{{#ask: [[Has orchard::Tetherow Crossing]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=18
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=Tetherow Crossing}}

{{Condition summary|orchard=Tetherow Crossing}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tetherow Crossing 1.jpg|Trees 1 (left) and 2 (right)
File:Tetherow Crossing 2.jpg|Tree 1 close-up
File:Tetherow Crossing Park Sign.jpg|Park sign with Tree 1 in background
</gallery>

[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:City of Redmond]]

Tetherow Crossing Tree 2

2026-05-23T21:12:16Z

Bot: Create tree page for Tetherow Crossing Tree 2

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=2
|orchard=Tetherow Crossing
|species=Apple
|variety=
|variety_dna=
|condition=good
|height=
|diameter=
|crown_width=
|live_crown_pct=
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=
|diam_height=
}}

== Description ==
The smaller of the two trees, east of Tree 1. No visible graft union, so may be a second cultivar or a seedling descendant from the original orchard. DNA sample collected 2026-05-21 (CEJ); results pending.

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_2.jpg|Tree 2
</gallery>

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 2026-05-21
* '''Inspectors:''' CEJ

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.313122]]
[[Has longitude::-121.238314]]
[[Has coordinates::44.313122,-121.238314]]

{{#display_map: 44.313122,-121.238314 }}

[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Good]]
[[Category:City of Redmond]]

Tetherow Crossing Tree 1

2026-05-23T21:12:11Z

Bot: Create tree page for Tetherow Crossing Tree 1

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=1
|orchard=Tetherow Crossing
|species=Apple
|variety=
|variety_dna=
|condition=good
|height=
|diameter=
|crown_width=
|live_crown_pct=
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=
|diam_height=
}}

== Description ==
Westernmost of the two trees. Old graft callous visible at the base, indicating origin from grafted nursery stock and likely survival from the original Tetherow homestead orchard. DNA sample collected 2026-05-21 (CEJ); results pending.

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_1.jpg|Tree 1 — full view
File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_1_graft.jpg|Likely graft union at base of Tree 1
File:Tree_Tetherow_Crossing_1_graft_swelling.jpg|Swelling at graft union, Tree 1
</gallery>

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 2026-05-21
* '''Inspectors:''' CEJ

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.313146]]
[[Has longitude::-121.238459]]
[[Has coordinates::44.313146,-121.238459]]

{{#display_map: 44.313146,-121.238459 }}

[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Good]]
[[Category:City of Redmond]]

File:Tree Tetherow Crossing 2.jpg

2026-05-23T21:12:11Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing Tree 2, May 2026.

Tetherow Crossing Tree 2, May 2026.

File:Tree Tetherow Crossing 1 graft swelling.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:56Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing Tree 1 — swelling at the graft union.

Tetherow Crossing Tree 1 — swelling at the graft union.

File:Tree Tetherow Crossing 1 graft.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:42Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing Tree 1 — likely graft union at base.

Tetherow Crossing Tree 1 — likely graft union at base.

File:Tree Tetherow Crossing 1.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:27Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing Tree 1, May 2026.

Tetherow Crossing Tree 1, May 2026.

File:Tetherow Crossing Aerial.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:15Z

Bot: Aerial view of Tetherow Crossing Park showing tree locations along the Deschutes River.

Aerial view of Tetherow Crossing Park showing tree locations along the Deschutes River.

File:Tetherow Crossing Park Sign.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:13Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing Park sign with Tree 1 visible in background, May 2026.

Tetherow Crossing Park sign with Tree 1 visible in background, May 2026.

File:Tetherow Crossing 2.jpg

2026-05-23T21:11:04Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing — closer view of Tree 1, May 2026.

Tetherow Crossing — closer view of Tree 1, May 2026.

File:Tetherow Crossing 1.jpg

2026-05-23T21:10:52Z

Bot: Tetherow Crossing — Trees 1 (left) and 2 (right), May 2026.

Tetherow Crossing — Trees 1 (left) and 2 (right), May 2026.

All Trees

2026-05-16T04:32:29Z

Bot: Add tree photos for Cyrus Horse Camp trees

__NOTOC__

== All Trees Map ==

This map shows all trees with known coordinates. Click on a marker to see the tree details.

{{#ask: [[Category:Trees]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has variety
|format=leaflet
|height=600px
|width=100%
|limit=9999
|zoom=10
|fullscreen=on
|layers=OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap, Esri.WorldImagery
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"
|-
! Tree !! Photo !! Orchard !! Species !! Variety !! Field Tag !! Diameter<br/>(in) !! Crown<br/>(ft) !! Height<br/>(ft) !! Condition !! Clarno
|-
| [[5 Tree Tree 101|#101]] || [[File:Tree_5_Tree_101.jpg|50px]] || [[5 Tree]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 101 || 12 || 13 || 14 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 1|#1]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_1.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 1 || 18 || 11 || 27 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 4|#4]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_4.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 4 || 8 || 8 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 5|#5]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_5.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 5 || 12 || 13 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 6|#6]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_6.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 6 || 11 || 15 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 7|#7]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_7.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 7 || 6 || 10 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 8|#8]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_8.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 8 || 13 || 15 || 11 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 9|#9]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_9.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 9 || 14 || 14 || 10 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 10|#10]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_10.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 10 || 8 || 12 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 11|#11]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_11.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 11 || 16 || 20 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 12|#12]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_12.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 12 || 10 || 15 || 10 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 13|#13]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_13.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 13 || 20 || 20 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 14|#14]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_14.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 14 || 10 || 8 || 10 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 15|#15]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_15.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Blue Pearmain]] || 15 || 16 || 15 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 16|#16]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || || 16 || 11 || 7 || 10 || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 17|#17]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_17.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 17 || 20 || 24 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 19|#19]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_19.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Ohio Pippin]] || 19 || 19 || 20 || 13 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 20|#20]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_20.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 20 || 8 || 10 || 10 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 21|#21]] || || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Monmouth Pippin]] || 21 || 19 || 13 || 17 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 22|#22]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_22.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Duchess of Oldenburg]] || 22 || 11 || 12 || 15 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 23|#23]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_23.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 23 || 16 || 20 || 22 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 24|#24]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_24.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 24 || 9 || 13 || 12 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Tree 25|#25]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_25.JPG|50px]] || [[Cyrus]] || Apple || Unique || 25 || 7 || 9 || 9 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus #1 Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Cyrus #1]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus #5 Tree 5|#5]] || || [[Cyrus #5]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || 5 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 114|#114]] || || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 114 || 9 || 10 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 115|#115]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_115.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 115 || 13 || 24 || 30 || Good ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 116|#116]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_116.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 116 || 12 || 18 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 117|#117]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_117.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 117 || 15 || 5 || 6 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Barn Tree 118|#118]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus_Barn_118.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Barn]] || Pear || [[pear probably]] || 118 || 9 || 8 || 8 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26|#26]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_26.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[UAF5]] || 26 || 11 || 14 || 17 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27|#27]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_27.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 27 || 4 || 5 || 8 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 28|#28]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 28 || 20 || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 29|#29]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 29 || 16 || 16 || 20 || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30|#30]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_30.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 30 || 16 || 21 || 21 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31|#31]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_31.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 31 || 18 || 22 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32|#32]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_32.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 32 || 14 || 12 || 15 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 33|#33]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || Unique || 33 || 7 || 9 || 22 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34|#34]] || [[File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_34.jpg|50px]] || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 34 || 23 || 22 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 35|#35]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 35 || 18 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 36|#36]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] || Apple || || 36 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Cyrus Horse Camp #2 Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Cyrus Horse Camp #2]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[East Springer Tree 108|#108]] || [[File:Tree_East_Springer_108.jpg|50px]] || [[East Springer]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 108 || 28 || 15 || 14 || Poor ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 1|#1]] || || [[El Rancho]] || || Unknown || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 3|#3]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Gravenstein]] || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 4|#4]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Red Delicious]] || 4 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:El Rancho Tree 2.jpg|50px]] || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[El Rancho Tree 5|#5]] || || [[El Rancho]] || Apple || [[Yellow Transparent]] || || || || || ||
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 0|#0]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || || Yes
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 1|#1]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[FlyMon Mill site Tree 2|#2]] || || [[FlyMon Mill site]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Grandview Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Grandview]] || Apple || [[Gravenstein]] || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 2|#2]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || Poor ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 4|#4]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 4 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 5|#5]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 5 || || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[Hattie Cyrus Tree 6|#6]] || || [[Hattie Cyrus]] || Apple || || 6 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Haystack Tree 109|#109]] || [[File:Tree_Haystack_109.jpg|50px]] || [[Haystack]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 109 || 15 || 10 || 15 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 1|#1]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_1.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_2.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Hollinshead Tree 3|#3]] || [[File:Tree_Hollinshead_3.jpg|50px]] || [[Hollinshead]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 102|#102]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_102.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 102 || 30 || 35 || 36 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 103|#103]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_103.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 103 || 27 || 32 || 40 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 104|#104]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_104.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[McIntosh]] || 104 || 27 || 20 || 25 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 105|#105]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_105.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[McIntosh]] || 105 || 15 || 10 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 106|#106]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_106.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Apple || [[Esopus Spitzenburg]] || 106 || 20 || 8 || 8 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 107|#107]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_107.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Pear || [[pear]] || 107 || 8 || 15 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[Lithgow Springs Tree 119|#119]] || [[File:Tree_Lithgow_Springs_119.jpg|50px]] || [[Lithgow Springs]] || Plum || [[plum or poor DNA]] || 119 || 6 || 12 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 68|#68]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_68.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 68 || 24 || 20 || 25 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 69|#69]] || [[File:Tree McCoin Lower 69.JPG|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 69 || 22 || 30 || 33 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 70|#70]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_70.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 70 || 12 || 15 || 19 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 71|#71]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_71.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 71 || 13 || 15 || 20 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 72|#72]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_72.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Missouri Pippin]] || 72 || 13 || 18 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 73|#73]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_73.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 73 || 29 || 30 || 28 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 74|#74]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_74.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 74 || 27 || 23 || 14 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 75|#75]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_75.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Blue Pearmain]] || 75 || 13 || 18 || 26 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 76|#76]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_76.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 76 || 19 || 28 || 31 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 77|#77]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_77.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 77 || 24 || 35 || 31 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 78|#78]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_78.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Gloria Mundi]] || 78 || 25 || 30 || 32 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 79|#79]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_79.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 79 || 10 || 8 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 80|#80]] || [[File:Tree McCoin Lower 80.JPG|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Northern Spy]] || 80 || 16 || 18 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 81|#81]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_81.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 81 || 15 || 12 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 82|#82]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_82.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 82 || 27 || 30 || 40 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 83|#83]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_83.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 83 || 21 || 17 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 84|#84]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_84.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Yellow Bellflower]] || 84 || 17 || 18 || 19 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 85|#85]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_85.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 85 || 11 || 16 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 86|#86]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_86.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || Unique || 86 || 10 || 15 || 16 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 87|#87]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_87.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 87 || 19 || 20 || 27 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 88|#88]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_88.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Alexander]] || 88 || 17 || 15 || 15 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 89|#89]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_89.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 89 || 18 || 20 || 25 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 90|#90]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_90.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 90 || 23 || 20 || 21 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 91|#91]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_91.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 91 || 11 || 15 || 19 || Fair || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 92|#92]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_92.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 92 || 12 || 12 || 18 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 93|#93]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_93.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 93 || 13 || 10 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 94|#94]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_94.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 94 || 12 || 12 || 17 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 95|#95]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_95.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 95 || 14 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 96|#96]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_96.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 96 || 11 || 18 || 22 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 97|#97]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_97.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[Wealthy]] || 97 || 13 || 20 || 21 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Lower Tree 100|#100]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Lower_100.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Lower]] || Apple || [[plum or poor DNA]] || 100 || 4 || 8 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 37|#37]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_37.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 37 || 19 || 21 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 38|#38]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_38.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 38 || 17 || 18 || 17 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 39|#39]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_39.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 39 || 22 || 19 || 22 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 40|#40]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_40.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[White Winter Pearmain]] || 40 || 24 || 20 || 15 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 41|#41]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_41.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[White Winter Pearmain]] || 41 || 12 || 10 || 13 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 42|#42]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_42.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 42 || 18 || 22 || 20 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 43|#43]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_43.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 43 || 20 || 25 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 44|#44]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_44.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 44 || 19 || 30 || 28 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 45|#45]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_45.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Lawver]] || 45 || 24 || 22 || 15 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 46|#46]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_46.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Fameuse]] || 46 || 11 || 18 || 18 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 47|#47]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_47.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Fameuse]] || 47 || 15 || 10 || 9 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 48|#48]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_48.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Esopus Spitzenburg]] || 48 || 14 || 18 || 18 || Poor || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 49|#49]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_49.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 49 || 21 || 31 || 18 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 50|#50]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_50.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin]] || 50 || 10 || 3 || 11 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 51|#51]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_51.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || Unique || 51 || 18 || 12 || 10 || Dead ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 52|#52]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_52.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Red Astrachan]] || 52 || 18 || 18 || 12 || Poor ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 53|#53]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_53.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || Unique || 53 || 11 || 20 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 54|#54]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_54.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 54 || 5 || 12 || 12 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 55|#55]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_55.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 55 || 12 || 20 || 24 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 56|#56]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_56.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 56 || 5 || || || Dead ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 57|#57]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_57.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 57 || 6 || 12 || 12 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 58|#58]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_58.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 58 || 7 || 15 || 21 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 59|#59]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 59 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 60|#60]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 60 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 61|#61]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 61 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 62|#62]] || || [[McCoin Upper]] || Pear || || 62 || 10 || 12 || 18 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 63|#63]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_63.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Black Twig]] || 63 || 27 || 30 || 30 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 64|#64]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_64.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Baldwin]] || 64 || 20 || 15 || 28 || Good ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 65|#65]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_65.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Winesap]] || 65 || 15 || 12 || 15 || Fair ||
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 66|#66]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_66.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || [[Winesap]] || 66 || 28 || 20 || 28 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[McCoin Upper Tree 67|#67]] || [[File:Tree_McCoin_Upper_67.jpg|50px]] || [[McCoin Upper]] || Apple || || 67 || 2 || 4 || 9 || Poor ||
|-
| [[Non Affiliated Trees Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Non Affiliated Trees]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 1|#1]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 2|#2]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || ||
|-
| [[ODOT Tree 3|#3]] || || [[ODOT]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 110|#110]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_110.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Pear || Pear || 110 || || || || ||

|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 111|#111]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_111.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || [[Monmouth Pippin]] || 111 || 25 || 36 || 35 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 112|#112]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_112.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || Unique || 112 || 24 || 36 || 35 || Good ||
|-
| [[Osborn Springs Tree 113|#113]] || [[File:Tree_Osborn_Springs_113.jpg|50px]] || [[Osborn Springs]] || Apple || [[Stark]] || 113 || 27 || 35 || 35 || Good || Yes
|-
| [[Owens Ranch Homestead Tree 0|#0]] || || [[Owens Ranch Homestead]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Owens Ranch Homestead Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Owens Ranch Homestead]] || Apple || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || [[UAF5]] || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || [[Grimes Golden]] || 3 || || || || ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 2|#2]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 2.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 4|#4]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 4.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Apple || || 4 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Smith Homestead-Metolius Tree 5|#5]] || [[File:Smith Homestead-Metolius 5.jpg|50px]] || [[Smith Homestead-Metolius]] || Pear || || 5 || || || || Good ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 1|#1]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 1 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 2|#2]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 2 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[Todd Tree 3|#3]] || || [[Todd]] || Apple || || 3 || || || || Fair ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 124|#124]] || [[File:Tree West Lithgow 124.jpeg|50px]] || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 124 || 9 || 15 || 18 || Fair ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 125|#125]] || [[File:Tree West Lithgow 125.jpeg|50px]] || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 125 || 8 || 10 || 5 || Poor ||
|-
| [[West Lithgow Tree 126|#126]] || || [[West Lithgow]] || Apple || || 126 || 9 || 10 || 6 || Poor ||
|}

== Notes ==

* '''Diameter''' - Trunk diameter in inches
* '''Crown''' - Crown width in feet
* '''Height''' - Tree height in feet
* Photos shown are thumbnails - click tree number to see full-size images

[[Category:Trees]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34

2026-05-16T04:32:28Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=34
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=Red Astrachan
|variety_dna=Red Astrachan
|condition=poor
|height=18
|diameter=23
|crown_width=22
|live_crown_pct=10
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=AFRS-122
|diam_height=3
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_34.jpg|Tree #34
</gallery>

== Description ==
larger tree with large, dead limbs. Large basal cavity. Some smaller shoots remain alive.

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447335]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102428]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447335,-121.102428]]

{{#display_map: 44.447335,-121.102428 }}

== Management Needs ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Condition !! Status
|-
| Trunk Cavities || Yes
|}

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 9

[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Poor]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32

2026-05-16T04:32:28Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=32
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=Unique
|variety_dna=
|condition=poor
|height=15
|diameter=14
|crown_width=12
|live_crown_pct=20
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=AFRS-120
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_32.jpg|Tree #32
</gallery>

== Description ==
Thicker crown with multiple main trunks with extensive dead. Some live branches

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447427]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102438]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447427,-121.102438]]

{{#display_map: 44.447427,-121.102438
|diam_height=3
}}

== Management Needs ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Condition !! Status
|-
| Trunk Cavities || Yes
|}

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 6

[[Category:Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Poor]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31

2026-05-16T04:32:27Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=31
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=Unique
|variety_dna=
|condition=poor
|height=18
|diameter=18
|crown_width=22
|live_crown_pct=2
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=AFRS-119
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_31.jpg|Tree #31
</gallery>

== Description ==
larger, nearly dead. Heavy root/bole sprouting. Several live limbs in crown.

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447428]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102503]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447428,-121.102503]]

{{#display_map: 44.447428,-121.102503
|diam_height=2
}}

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 7

[[Category:Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Poor]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30

2026-05-16T04:32:26Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=30
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=Unique
|variety_dna=
|condition=poor
|height=21
|diameter=16
|crown_width=21
|live_crown_pct=1
|at_clarno=
|clarno_year=
|dna_code=AFRS-118
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_30.jpg|Tree #30
</gallery>

== Description ==
larger tree with 2 main scaffold trunks nearly all dead with some live water shoots. Graft ASAP for preservation

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447464]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102546]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447464,-121.102546]]

{{#display_map: 44.447464,-121.102546
|diam_height=2
}}

== Ancestry ==
* '''Parent 1:''' Buckingham or Magnum Bonum

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 4

[[Category:Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Poor]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27

2026-05-16T04:32:25Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=27
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=Unique
|variety_dna=
|condition=poor
|height=8
|diameter=4
|crown_width=5
|live_crown_pct=5
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
|dna_code=AFRS-117
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_27.jpg|Tree #27
</gallery>

== Description ==
small, heavy dead crown, few live limbs, heavy sprouting. Collect scion for preservation

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447531]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102393]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447531,-121.102393]]

{{#display_map: 44.447531,-121.102393
|diam_height=4
}}

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 3

[[Category:Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Poor]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26

2026-05-16T04:32:24Z

Bot: Add photo for Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26

{{Tree Infobox
|tag=26
|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp
|species=Apple
|variety=UAF5
|variety_dna=UAF5
|condition=fair
|height=17
|diameter=11
|crown_width=14
|live_crown_pct=75
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
|dna_code=AFRS-116
|diam_height=3
}}

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Tree_Cyrus Horse Camp_26.jpg|Tree #26
</gallery>

== Description ==
Fairly vigorous tree in overall good condition

== Assessment ==
* '''Inspected:''' 03/15/24 00:00:00
* '''Inspectors:''' CJ, CS, AO

== Location ==
[[Has latitude::44.447613]]
[[Has longitude::-121.102564]]
[[Has coordinates::44.447613,-121.102564]]

{{#display_map: 44.447613,-121.102564 }}

== Ancestry ==
* '''Notes:''' same as AFRS-013 Cyrus #1, AMOR-104

== Remarks ==
* '''Historical Reference:''' 1

[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Condition - Fair]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 34.jpg

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Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 34

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 32.jpg

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Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 32

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 31.jpg

2026-05-16T04:32:17Z

Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 31

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 30.jpg

2026-05-16T04:32:14Z

Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 30

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 27.jpg

2026-05-16T04:32:10Z

Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 27

File:Tree Cyrus Horse Camp 26.jpg

2026-05-16T04:32:06Z

Bot: Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26

Cyrus Horse Camp Tree 26

MediaWiki:Common.js

2026-05-05T20:33:15Z

Bot: Add footer donate link

/* Heritage Apple Corps customizations */
$(function () {
// Inject site-wide navigation bar
var navHTML =
'<div id="hac-navbar">' +
'<div class="hac-container">' +
'<div class="hac-inner">' +
'<div class="hac-branding"><a href="/site/"><img src="/logo.png" alt="" class="hac-logo">Heritage Apple Corps</a></div>' +
'<nav class="hac-nav-wrap" aria-label="Primary">' +
'<ul class="hac-nav">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta"><a href="/index.php/Main_Page">Tree Registry</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta-red"><a href="/varieties/">Variety Finder</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/events/">Events</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/news/">In the News</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/about/">About Us</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/donate/">Contribute</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</nav>' +
'<button class="hac-toggle" aria-label="Open menu">' +
'<svg viewBox="0 0 24 28" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 21v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 13v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 5v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1C.453 8 0 7.547 0 7V5c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1z"/></svg>' +
'</button>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'<div id="hac-mobile-nav">' +
'<div class="hac-mobile-header">' +
'<button class="hac-mobile-close" aria-label="Close menu">×</button>' +
'</div>' +
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'<li><a href="/site/donate/">Contribute</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</div>';

$('body').prepend(navHTML);

// Extra favicon link tags (MediaWiki only emits the .ico by default)
$('head')
.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">')
.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">')
.append('<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">');

// Mobile toggle handlers
$('.hac-toggle').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').addClass('active');
});
$('.hac-mobile-close').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
$('#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list a').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
});

/* Footer disclaimer — public wiki */
$(function () {
var msg =
'Community‑edited information only. Not affiliated with any land‑management agency. ' +
'Content may be inaccurate. Descriptions of trees or sites do not imply permission to cut, ' +
'collect, or alter vegetation. Follow all laws, permits, and official guidance on public lands.';
$('<div id="hac-footer-disclaimer"></div>').text(msg).appendTo('#mw-footer');
});

/* Footer donate link */
$(function () {
var $link = $('<div id="hac-footer-donate"></div>').html(
'Support our work preserving Central Oregon\'s heritage fruit trees — ' +
'<a href="/site/donate/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Contribute</a>'
);
var $disclaimer = $('#hac-footer-disclaimer');
if ($disclaimer.length) {
$disclaimer.before($link);
} else {
$('#mw-footer').append($link);
}
});

MediaWiki:Common.css

2026-05-05T20:33:15Z

Bot: Add footer donate link styles

MediaWiki:Common.js

2026-05-05T20:33:06Z

Bot: Add site-wide navigation bar and footer disclaimer

/* Heritage Apple Corps customizations */
$(function () {
// Inject site-wide navigation bar
var navHTML =
'<div id="hac-navbar">' +
'<div class="hac-container">' +
'<div class="hac-inner">' +
'<div class="hac-branding"><a href="/site/"><img src="/logo.png" alt="" class="hac-logo">Heritage Apple Corps</a></div>' +
'<nav class="hac-nav-wrap" aria-label="Primary">' +
'<ul class="hac-nav">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta"><a href="/index.php/Main_Page">Tree Registry</a></li>' +
'<li class="hac-cta-red"><a href="/varieties/">Variety Finder</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/events/">Events</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/news/">In the News</a></li>' +
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'<li><a href="/site/donate/">Contribute</a></li>' +
'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</nav>' +
'<button class="hac-toggle" aria-label="Open menu">' +
'<svg viewBox="0 0 24 28" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 21v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 13v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 5v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1C.453 8 0 7.547 0 7V5c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1z"/></svg>' +
'</button>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'<div id="hac-mobile-nav">' +
'<div class="hac-mobile-header">' +
'<button class="hac-mobile-close" aria-label="Close menu">×</button>' +
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'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</div>';

$('body').prepend(navHTML);

// Extra favicon link tags (MediaWiki only emits the .ico by default)
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.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">')
.append('<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">')
.append('<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">');

// Mobile toggle handlers
$('.hac-toggle').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').addClass('active');
});
$('.hac-mobile-close').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
$('#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list a').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
});

/* Footer disclaimer — public wiki */
$(function () {
var msg =
'Community‑edited information only. Not affiliated with any land‑management agency. ' +
'Content may be inaccurate. Descriptions of trees or sites do not imply permission to cut, ' +
'collect, or alter vegetation. Follow all laws, permits, and official guidance on public lands.';
$('<div id="hac-footer-disclaimer"></div>').text(msg).appendTo('#mw-footer');
});

MediaWiki:Common.css

2026-05-05T20:33:05Z

Bot: Add site-wide navigation bar styles

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2026-05-05T20:33:04Z

Bot: Set sidebar with navigation and cross-link

* navigation
** mainpage|mainpage-description
** recentchanges-url|recentchanges
** Special:AllPages|All pages
* Support
** https://heritageapplecorps.org/site/donate/|Contribute
* Private Wiki
** https://heritageapplecorps.org/private/|Private Land Trees
** https://heritageapplecorps.org/index.php/Contact|Contact

MediaWiki:Common.js

2026-05-05T20:25:21Z

Bot: Add footer donate link

/* Heritage Apple Corps customizations */
$(function () {
// Inject site-wide navigation bar
var navHTML =
'<div id="hac-navbar">' +
'<div class="hac-container">' +
'<div class="hac-inner">' +
'<div class="hac-branding"><a href="/site/"><img src="/logo.png" alt="" class="hac-logo">Heritage Apple Corps</a></div>' +
'<nav class="hac-nav-wrap" aria-label="Primary">' +
'<ul class="hac-nav">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
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'</ul>' +
'</nav>' +
'<button class="hac-toggle" aria-label="Open menu">' +
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'</button>' +
'</div>' +
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$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
});

/* Footer disclaimer — public wiki */
$(function () {
var msg =
'Community‑edited information only. Not affiliated with any land‑management agency. ' +
'Content may be inaccurate. Descriptions of trees or sites do not imply permission to cut, ' +
'collect, or alter vegetation. Follow all laws, permits, and official guidance on public lands.';
$('<div id="hac-footer-disclaimer"></div>').text(msg).appendTo('#mw-footer');
});

/* Footer donate link */
$(function () {
var $link = $('<div id="hac-footer-donate"></div>').html(
'Support our work preserving Central Oregon\'s heritage fruit trees — ' +
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);
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if ($disclaimer.length) {
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});

MediaWiki:Common.css

2026-05-05T20:25:21Z

Bot: Add footer donate link styles

MediaWiki:Common.js

2026-05-05T20:25:13Z

Bot: Add site-wide navigation bar and footer disclaimer

/* Heritage Apple Corps customizations */
$(function () {
// Inject site-wide navigation bar
var navHTML =
'<div id="hac-navbar">' +
'<div class="hac-container">' +
'<div class="hac-inner">' +
'<div class="hac-branding"><a href="/site/"><img src="/logo.png" alt="" class="hac-logo">Heritage Apple Corps</a></div>' +
'<nav class="hac-nav-wrap" aria-label="Primary">' +
'<ul class="hac-nav">' +
'<li><a href="/site/">Home</a></li>' +
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'<li class="hac-cta-red"><a href="/varieties/">Variety Finder</a></li>' +
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'<li><a href="/site/contact/">Contact</a></li>' +
'</ul>' +
'</nav>' +
'<button class="hac-toggle" aria-label="Open menu">' +
'<svg viewBox="0 0 24 28" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 21v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 13v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1c-.547 0-1-.453-1-1v-2c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1zM24 5v2c0 .547-.453 1-1 1H1C.453 8 0 7.547 0 7V5c0-.547.453-1 1-1h22c.547 0 1 .453 1 1z"/></svg>' +
'</button>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'</div>' +
'<div id="hac-mobile-nav">' +
'<div class="hac-mobile-header">' +
'<button class="hac-mobile-close" aria-label="Close menu">×</button>' +
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.append('<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">');

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$('#hac-mobile-nav').addClass('active');
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$('.hac-mobile-close').on('click', function () {
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});
$('#hac-mobile-nav .hac-mobile-list a').on('click', function () {
$('#hac-mobile-nav').removeClass('active');
});
});

/* Footer disclaimer — public wiki */
$(function () {
var msg =
'Community‑edited information only. Not affiliated with any land‑management agency. ' +
'Content may be inaccurate. Descriptions of trees or sites do not imply permission to cut, ' +
'collect, or alter vegetation. Follow all laws, permits, and official guidance on public lands.';
$('<div id="hac-footer-disclaimer"></div>').text(msg).appendTo('#mw-footer');
});

Cyrus

2026-04-28T20:35:59Z

Bot: Correct NRHP listing target: Cyrus page (not Cyrus Horse Camp)

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=Cyrus
|location=CRNG, Ochoco NF
|national_register=yes
|nrhp_date=2015-05-26
|nrhp_ref=15000270
}}
== History ==
The Cyrus orchard (also known as the '''Omer Cyrus Orchard''') was established by '''Omer Cyrus''', the "middle" son of [[Cyrus Horse Camp|Enoch and Mary Cyrus]], who homesteaded here about a half-mile west of his parents' place in '''1900'''.

The homestead site was [https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/15000270 listed on the National Register of Historic Places] on May 26, 2015 (NRIS reference number 15000270) as "Cyrus, Enoch and Mary, Homestead", part of the "Settlement and Abandonment of the Crooked River Grasslands, 1868-1937" Multiple Property Submission.

=== Omer Cyrus ===
Omer Cyrus was a dedicated '''pioneer photographer''' who worked in a studio next to his house until his eyesight deteriorated to the point that he couldn't "tint" photos or use his equipment. His house and buildings—torn down in the "relocation" work of the early 1930s—were in the grove of trees just west of and below his orchard.

=== The Orchard ===
Omer's orchard, situated on a north-sloping hillside with no obvious source of water, is remarkably well-preserved, with vigorous small trees bearing copious fruit.

According to the 2012 Home Orchard Society survey (elevation 3,353 ft, coordinates N 44°26.769' W 121°06.482'):
* 22 apple trees on north facing slope, very productive
* 4 plum trees (possibly root suckers)
* 2 Blue Elderberries
* Large number of pear root suckers and/or seedlings

=== Varieties Identified ===
* '''[[Yellow Transparent]]''' (6-7 trees)
* '''Purple Siberian Crab''' (Tree #1)
* '''Esteline''' (rare variety, Tree #22) - identified by Shaun Shepherd of Home Orchard Society
* Possible '''Winter Banana'''

There is the ruin of a huge Box Elder tree just below the orchard to the north.

According to Duane Ecker's 2001 notes, the orchard contained 24 apple trees and 15 plum trees, all within a fenced area. Three apple trees on the east side were pruned in FY 2001. The plum trees are clustered on the east side except for 3 under the poplars (2 caged).

The survival of this orchard owes much to the timely intervention of '''Duane Ecker''' and '''Harry Ketrenos''' in the 1970s.

''Sources: Home Orchard Society/Apple Detective notes 2012; Duane Ecker field notes 2001; Jefferson County Historical Society "The Agate" Spring 2015''

=== Primary Sources ===
The following historical documents are available:
* [[:File:Enoch and Omer Cyrus Orchard Tree List 2012.pdf|Apple variety identification list (2012)]]
* [[:File:CRNG Apple Orchard Legacy Notes 2001 Duane Ecker.pdf|Duane Ecker field notes (2001)]]
* [[:File:Omer Cyrus Orchard Map 2012.pdf|Orchard map (2012)]]

== Cyrus Family Sites ==
The Cyrus orchard is one of '''five different sites''' associated with the Cyrus family in a roughly one-square-mile area, reflecting the many family members who homesteaded here: Enoch, Omar M., Hattie, W.D., and Nettie Cyrus.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Site !! USFS Site Number !! Description
|-
| '''Cyrus Orchard''' || 06070500509 || The fenced orchard itself whose trees are described on this page, approximately 900 sq meters (just under a quarter of an acre). Located in T 13 S., R 14E., NW/NW 1/4 of section 18.
|-
| '''[[#W.D. Cyrus Homestead|W.D. Cyrus Homestead]]''' || 06070500508 || Also called the "Cyrus Homestead and Orchard." Located just southwest of the orchard.
|-
| '''[[Hattie Cyrus|Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead]]''' || 06070500179 || About a half mile to the southwest.
|-
| '''[[Cyrus Horse Camp|Enoch Cyrus Homestead]]''' || — || The original 1882 homestead, about a half mile east.
|-
| '''[[Cyrus Barn|Cyrus Barn]]''' || — || About one-third of a mile northwest.
|}

[[File:Cyrus_Topo_Map.png|thumb|400px|center|Topographic map showing three Cyrus family sites: the Cyrus Orchard (509), W.D. Cyrus Homestead (508), and Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead (179).]]

=== W.D. Cyrus Homestead ===
The '''W.D. Cyrus Homestead''' (USFS site 06070500508) was recorded separately from the orchard and is located just southwest of it. Records show '''W.D. Cyrus''' (Warren Dean Cyrus, the youngest son of Enoch) was assigned ownership of this property from his parents in '''1911'''. Brother Omar Cyrus was assigned land to the west.

From the 2005 USFS site record:

<blockquote>Today the site is defined by a large apple orchard known as "Cyrus Orchard" located in T 13 S., R 14E., NW/NW 1/4 of section 18. This orchard has over 20 apple trees today. It has been fenced to exclude cattle and signed "Cyrus Orchard". The homestead residence was located in the draw to the west of the orchard. You will see aspen, black locusts, Lombardy poplar trees, elm, fruit trees and lilac bushes in this area. The house likely sat in the level area north of the black locust trees where a row of lilacs continue to grow. We observed galvanized pipes suggesting at least 2 springs were developed and piped to the orchard and residence location. We observed a 10 x 20 meter artifact scatter south of the road and fence line west of the level residence area. Artifacts include glass (blue, milk glass, clear window glass, and purple glass); white glazed earthenware, crockery, metal fragments, tooth from disc or fanning implement, metal strapping and can fragments.</blockquote>

Notably, the 2005 survey recorded '''fruit trees at the homestead site separate from the main orchard''', indicating that the Cyrus family maintained plantings in multiple locations around the property.

[[File:Cyrus_Additional_Map.png|thumb|400px|center|Site map of the W.D. Cyrus Homestead (site 508), showing fruit trees, artifact scatter, and the location of various tree species. Note: north points downward on this map.]]

''Source: USFS site record (2005); Ann Merkle, USFS, November 2025''

== Orchard Map ==
[[File:Cyrus_Orchard_Hand_Drawn_Map.png|thumb|400px|center|Hand-drawn map of the Omer Cyrus Orchard showing ~20 apple trees, elderberries, and Lombardy poplars.]]
{{#ask: [[Has orchard::Cyrus]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|?Has variety
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=15
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=Cyrus}}

== Varieties ==
* [[Blue Pearmain]]
* [[Duchess of Oldenburg]]
* [[Monmouth Pippin]]
* [[Northern Spy]]
* [[Ohio Pippin]]
* [[Red Astrachan]]
* [[Yellow Transparent]]

== Historical Documents ==
* [[Media:Duane_Ecker_CRNG_Legacy_Notes_2001.pdf|Duane Ecker Field Notes (2001)]]
* [[Media:Cyrus_Orchards_Tree_List_2012.pdf|Tree List (2012)]]
* [[Media:Omer_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_2012.pdf|Hand-drawn Map (2012)]]
* [[Media:Homestead_Orchards_Central_Oregon_Agate_2015.pdf|"The Agate" Article (2015)]]
''See also: [[Document Archive]]''

== Maps ==

[[File:Omer_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_GoogEarth.pdf|thumb|600px|Spatial map with imagery]]

== Related Orchards ==
'''Cyrus Family Orchards'''

The Cyrus orchards were established by members of the Cyrus family who homesteaded in the Gray Butte area starting in 1882. Five different sites associated with the family have been recorded within a roughly one-square-mile area.

* [[Cyrus Horse Camp]] — Enoch and Mary Cyrus homestead (1882)
* [[Cyrus Barn]] — Omer Cyrus barn orchard, ~⅓ mile northwest
* [[Hattie Cyrus]] — Omar and Hattie Cyrus homestead (site 179), ~½ mile southwest

== Photos ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Cyrus Ranch near Gray Butte.jpg|Historical photograph of the Cyrus Ranch near Gray Butte.
</gallery>

[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:Orchards with Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp

2026-04-28T20:35:58Z

Bot: Correct NRHP listing target: Cyrus page (not Cyrus Horse Camp)

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=Cyrus Horse Camp
|location=CRNG, Ochoco NF
}}
== History ==
The Cyrus Horse Camp orchard is located on the site of the '''1882-1883 homestead of Enoch and Mary Cyrus'''. The site was '''listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 26, 2015''' as part of the "Settlement and Abandonment of the Crooked River Grasslands, 1868-1937" Multiple Property Submission.

=== The Cyrus Family ===
'''Enoch Cyrus''' (1844-1916) and his wife '''Mary Sutherlin Cyrus''' moved from Linn County, Oregon to the Gray Butte area in 1882, where they claimed a homestead in Skull Hollow. In 1883, the family moved to a 160-acre homestead near a good spring at the base of Gray Butte. At that time, the landscape was grassland with an aspen grove, and no junipers in sight.

In 1882, the Gray Butte country was so sparsely settled that Mrs. Mary Cyrus later recalled that for their first seven months on the place, '''she didn't see another woman'''. But within a few years, they built a two-story, four-bedroom house here and farmed about 500 acres with their five sons and two daughters.

'''Enoch Cyrus''' was a remarkably innovative farmer:
* Introduced '''barbed-wire fences''' to this part of Central Oregon
* Pioneered a strain of hard winter wheat known as '''"Cyrus Wheat"'''
* Innovated new machines for harvesting grain, including a reaper-binder

The Cyruses typically ran '''1,500-3,000 head of sheep''', planted huge vegetable gardens, and kept orchards of apples, crabapples, peaches, and pears. Only apples survive today, including Yellow Transparents and several varieties of red fall apples.

=== Later History ===
In 1900, Enoch and Mary left the Gray Butte ranch and became homesteaders again in the Cloverdale area between Redmond and Sisters, where they practiced irrigated farming using water from what is now Wychus Creek and launched a new crop for Central Oregon—seed potatoes. In the heyday of potato farming in Deschutes and Jefferson Counties (1940-1975), the Cyrus spud cellars around Cloverdale were a prime source of seed potatoes.

After his parents moved, their youngest son '''Warren Dean Cyrus''' (W.D. Cyrus) ran the Gray Butte place (with time out for land-speculating in Florida after 1910), and eventually sold it to the Relocation/Marginal Lands program in '''1934'''. The buildings were razed by the '''Resettlement Administration in 1936'''.

USFS records show W.D. Cyrus was formally assigned ownership of the property from his parents Enoch Cyrus in '''1911'''. At the same time, brother Omar Cyrus was assigned land to the west. In total, five different sites associated with the Cyrus family have been recorded within a roughly one-square-mile area: the [[Cyrus|Cyrus Orchard]] (site 06070500509), the W.D. Cyrus Homestead (site 06070500508, just southwest of the orchard), the Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead (site 06070500179, about a half mile southwest), this site (the Enoch Cyrus homestead), and the [[Cyrus Barn]].

According to Duane Ecker's 2001 field notes, the orchard contained 11 apple trees and 8 prune trees (5 needing pruning). All were pruned in 2001, with notes that juniper trees needed removal.

Today the site serves as a popular campsite and meeting place for riders, administered by the Crooked River National Grasslands in collaboration with local saddle clubs.

''Sources: Oregon Historic Site Record (National Register of Historic Places); Jefferson County Historical Society "The Agate" Spring 2015; Duane Ecker field notes 2001''

=== Primary Sources ===
The following historical documents are available:
* [[:File:Oregon Historic Site Record - Enoch Cyrus Homestead.pdf|National Register of Historic Places record]]
* [[:File:CRNG Apple Orchard Legacy Notes 2001 Duane Ecker.pdf|Duane Ecker field notes (2001)]]
* [[:File:Homestead Orchards in Central Oregon - The Agate Spring 2015.pdf|Jefferson County Historical Society article (2015)]]
* [[:File:Enoch Cyrus Orchard Map 2012.pdf|Orchard map (2012)]]

== Orchard Map ==
{{#ask: [[Has orchard::Cyrus Horse Camp]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=15
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp}}

== Varieties ==
* [[Red Astrachan]]
* [[UAF5]]

== Historical Documents ==
* [[Media:Duane_Ecker_CRNG_Legacy_Notes_2001.pdf|Duane Ecker Field Notes (2001)]]
* [[Media:National_Register_Enoch_Cyrus_Homestead.pdf|National Register Historic Site Record]]
* [[Media:Cyrus_Orchards_Tree_List_2012.pdf|Tree List (2012)]]
* [[Media:Enoch_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_2012.pdf|Hand-drawn Map (2012)]]
* [[Media:Homestead_Orchards_Central_Oregon_Agate_2015.pdf|"The Agate" Article (2015)]]
''See also: [[Document Archive]]''

== Maps ==

[[File:Enoch_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_GoogEarth.pdf|thumb|600px|Spatial map with imagery]]

== Related Orchards ==
'''Cyrus Family Orchards'''

The Cyrus orchards were established by members of the Cyrus family. This site was the original 1882 homestead of Enoch and Mary Cyrus. Five different Cyrus family sites have been recorded within a roughly one-square-mile area.

* [[Cyrus]] — Omer Cyrus orchard (site 509), ~½ mile west
* [[Cyrus Barn]] — Omer Cyrus barn orchard, ~⅓ mile northwest of the main orchard
* [[Hattie Cyrus|Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead]] (site 06070500179) — ~½ mile southwest of the orchard

[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:Orchards with Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Cyrus Horse Camp

2026-04-28T20:29:11Z

Bot: Add NRHP listing reference to infobox and link in prose

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=Cyrus Horse Camp
|location=CRNG, Ochoco NF
|national_register=yes
|nrhp_date=2015-05-26
|nrhp_ref=15000270
}}
== History ==
The Cyrus Horse Camp orchard is located on the site of the '''1882-1883 homestead of Enoch and Mary Cyrus'''. The site was '''[https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/15000270 listed on the National Register of Historic Places] on May 26, 2015''' (NRIS reference number 15000270) as part of the "Settlement and Abandonment of the Crooked River Grasslands, 1868-1937" Multiple Property Submission.

=== The Cyrus Family ===
'''Enoch Cyrus''' (1844-1916) and his wife '''Mary Sutherlin Cyrus''' moved from Linn County, Oregon to the Gray Butte area in 1882, where they claimed a homestead in Skull Hollow. In 1883, the family moved to a 160-acre homestead near a good spring at the base of Gray Butte. At that time, the landscape was grassland with an aspen grove, and no junipers in sight.

In 1882, the Gray Butte country was so sparsely settled that Mrs. Mary Cyrus later recalled that for their first seven months on the place, '''she didn't see another woman'''. But within a few years, they built a two-story, four-bedroom house here and farmed about 500 acres with their five sons and two daughters.

'''Enoch Cyrus''' was a remarkably innovative farmer:
* Introduced '''barbed-wire fences''' to this part of Central Oregon
* Pioneered a strain of hard winter wheat known as '''"Cyrus Wheat"'''
* Innovated new machines for harvesting grain, including a reaper-binder

The Cyruses typically ran '''1,500-3,000 head of sheep''', planted huge vegetable gardens, and kept orchards of apples, crabapples, peaches, and pears. Only apples survive today, including Yellow Transparents and several varieties of red fall apples.

=== Later History ===
In 1900, Enoch and Mary left the Gray Butte ranch and became homesteaders again in the Cloverdale area between Redmond and Sisters, where they practiced irrigated farming using water from what is now Wychus Creek and launched a new crop for Central Oregon—seed potatoes. In the heyday of potato farming in Deschutes and Jefferson Counties (1940-1975), the Cyrus spud cellars around Cloverdale were a prime source of seed potatoes.

After his parents moved, their youngest son '''Warren Dean Cyrus''' (W.D. Cyrus) ran the Gray Butte place (with time out for land-speculating in Florida after 1910), and eventually sold it to the Relocation/Marginal Lands program in '''1934'''. The buildings were razed by the '''Resettlement Administration in 1936'''.

USFS records show W.D. Cyrus was formally assigned ownership of the property from his parents Enoch Cyrus in '''1911'''. At the same time, brother Omar Cyrus was assigned land to the west. In total, five different sites associated with the Cyrus family have been recorded within a roughly one-square-mile area: the [[Cyrus|Cyrus Orchard]] (site 06070500509), the W.D. Cyrus Homestead (site 06070500508, just southwest of the orchard), the Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead (site 06070500179, about a half mile southwest), this site (the Enoch Cyrus homestead), and the [[Cyrus Barn]].

According to Duane Ecker's 2001 field notes, the orchard contained 11 apple trees and 8 prune trees (5 needing pruning). All were pruned in 2001, with notes that juniper trees needed removal.

Today the site serves as a popular campsite and meeting place for riders, administered by the Crooked River National Grasslands in collaboration with local saddle clubs.

''Sources: Oregon Historic Site Record (National Register of Historic Places); Jefferson County Historical Society "The Agate" Spring 2015; Duane Ecker field notes 2001''

=== Primary Sources ===
The following historical documents are available:
* [[:File:Oregon Historic Site Record - Enoch Cyrus Homestead.pdf|National Register of Historic Places record]]
* [[:File:CRNG Apple Orchard Legacy Notes 2001 Duane Ecker.pdf|Duane Ecker field notes (2001)]]
* [[:File:Homestead Orchards in Central Oregon - The Agate Spring 2015.pdf|Jefferson County Historical Society article (2015)]]
* [[:File:Enoch Cyrus Orchard Map 2012.pdf|Orchard map (2012)]]

== Orchard Map ==
{{#ask: [[Has orchard::Cyrus Horse Camp]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=15
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=Cyrus Horse Camp}}

== Varieties ==
* [[Red Astrachan]]
* [[UAF5]]

== Historical Documents ==
* [[Media:Duane_Ecker_CRNG_Legacy_Notes_2001.pdf|Duane Ecker Field Notes (2001)]]
* [[Media:National_Register_Enoch_Cyrus_Homestead.pdf|National Register Historic Site Record]]
* [[Media:Cyrus_Orchards_Tree_List_2012.pdf|Tree List (2012)]]
* [[Media:Enoch_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_2012.pdf|Hand-drawn Map (2012)]]
* [[Media:Homestead_Orchards_Central_Oregon_Agate_2015.pdf|"The Agate" Article (2015)]]
''See also: [[Document Archive]]''

== Maps ==

[[File:Enoch_Cyrus_Orchard_Map_GoogEarth.pdf|thumb|600px|Spatial map with imagery]]

== Related Orchards ==
'''Cyrus Family Orchards'''

The Cyrus orchards were established by members of the Cyrus family. This site was the original 1882 homestead of Enoch and Mary Cyrus. Five different Cyrus family sites have been recorded within a roughly one-square-mile area.

* [[Cyrus]] — Omer Cyrus orchard (site 509), ~½ mile west
* [[Cyrus Barn]] — Omer Cyrus barn orchard, ~⅓ mile northwest of the main orchard
* [[Hattie Cyrus|Omar and Hattie Cyrus Homestead]] (site 06070500179) — ~½ mile southwest of the orchard

[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:Orchards with Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

McCoin Upper

2026-04-28T20:29:10Z

Bot: Add NRHP listing reference to infobox and link in prose

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=McCoin Upper
|location=CRNG, OCHOCO NF
|national_register=yes
|nrhp_date=2015-05-26
|nrhp_ref=15000271
}}
The '''McCoin Upper''' orchard contains 31 documented heritage fruit trees.

== History ==

=== The McCoin Homestead (1886-1936) ===
[[File:Julius McCoin Family.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The McCoin family, early 1920s. Standing, left to right: Walter McCoin, Ella McCoin Mendenhall, Minnie McCoin Helfrich, Numa McCoin. Seated: Julius McCoin. Source: [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22980836/numa_franklin-mccoin Find a Grave].]]

Julius Spate McCoin (1850-1928) and Sarah Osborn McCoin homesteaded on the southeast flank of Gray Butte in the spring of 1886, claiming a 160-acre parcel under the Homestead Act. They selected a site at the head of a gully with a good spring, which provided reliable water for their orchards and livestock. The U.S. Department of the Interior issued a Homestead Patent to Julius McCoin on September 9, 1895 (BLM Serial Number ORTDAA 062819, Document 2435).

Julius established a freighting business between Prineville and The Dalles (and sometimes Shaniko), driving big 12-horse wagons loaded with wool, meat, hides, and other produce going out, and merchandise coming back. According to family tradition, during his freight runs he began collecting fruit tree starts, presumably from The Dalles, planting them in the protected gully below his house. Over time, his orchard grew to number over 100 trees, including apples, pears, and plums.

=== Family Tragedy ===

On December 4, 1888, while Julius was away on one of his freight runs, Sarah McCoin died suddenly at the age of 33. She was buried at Juniper Haven Cemetery in Prineville. Julius and Sarah had five children: Numa Franklin, Minnie Clara, Ella Jane, Ida Frances (who died in 1885), and Walter Henry (born July 1886). At the time of Sarah's death, four children survived; three were still at home — Minnie, Ella, and Walter. Taking stock of his family's predicament, Julius decided that with Minnie in charge, his children had sufficient gumption to run the ranch during his absences, which sometimes lasted up to two weeks. He never remarried.

The McCoins were among the earliest homesteaders in what would become Jefferson County, and their primary agricultural endeavor included livestock such as sheep and high-quality horses, in addition to their extensive orchard.

=== Abandonment and Sale (1930s) ===

Following a devastating ten-year drought during the Great Depression, the community of approximately 700 homesteaders around Gray Butte faced economic collapse. In 1934, Julius's youngest son Walter, who had managed the property, sold the homestead to the federal government for $1,200 as part of the National Grasslands "Relocation" or "Marginal Lands" program under the Roosevelt administration's New Deal.

The Civilian Conservation Corps subsequently demolished the house and other buildings, and the land was converted to grazing use. The community of homesteaders around Gray Butte was dispersed, and their buildings were flattened. The period of significance for the McCoin Homestead extends from occupation in 1886 until abandonment in 1936.

=== Rescue and Preservation (1970s-Present) ===

In the 1970s, two U.S. Forest Service/National Grasslands range specialists from Prineville, Duane Ecker and Harry Ketrenos, discovered the abandoned McCoin orchard and undertook efforts to rescue the surviving trees. They systematically pruned the trees and cleared encroaching brush, saving the orchard from being overtaken by juniper and sagebrush.

In August 2012, the Jefferson County Historical Society collaborated with the Home Orchard Society of Portland to conduct a comprehensive survey of the orchard. Expert "fruit detectives" Joanie Cooper and Shaun Shepherd carefully mapped the trees, took samples and cuttings for identification, and documented the varieties present. The survey identified approximately 63 living trees, including apple varieties such as [[Northern Spy]], [[Yellow Transparent]], and [[Red Astrachan]], as well as pears and plums in the lower orchard areas.

On May 26, 2015, the Julius and Sarah McCoin Homestead and Orchard Site was officially [https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/15000271 listed on the National Register of Historic Places] (NRIS reference number 15000271). The site is recognized as emblematic of the homesteader experience in the Grasslands as described in the Multiple Property Document "The Settlement and Abandonment of the Crooked River Grassland in Jefferson County, OR, 1868-1937."

=== Current Restoration Efforts ===

The Heritage Apple Corps, a collaborative effort involving the School of Ranch, In Cahoots Heirloom Apple Orchard Collaborative, U.S. Forest Service staff, and community volunteers, continues restoration work at the orchard. Preservation efforts have included:

* Creation of a gene bank at the Historic Apple Preservation Arboretum in Clarno, where 41 trees from the Crooked River National Grassland have been grafted and cultivated
* Wildfire mitigation through removal of encroaching brush and juniper
* Ongoing variety identification work by botanists and the In Cahoots Heirloom Apple Orchard Collaborative
* DNA analysis with geneticists collecting cuttings grafted onto M-111 apple tree rootstock with nearly 100% grafting success

Today, the McCoin Orchard stands near the Gray Butte Trailhead as a living monument to the pioneer families who settled Central Oregon and a valuable repository of heritage fruit tree genetics.

''Sources: Jefferson County Historical Society "The Agate" (Spring 2015); Duane Ecker, "CRNG Apple Orchard Legacy Notes" (2001); Oregon Historic Sites Database; Home Orchard Society/JCHS 2012 Survey; Madras Pioneer; Oregon State Archives; [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22426271/sarah_frances-mccoin Find a Grave: Sarah Frances McCoin]''

== Orchard Map ==
{{#ask: [[Has orchard::McCoin Upper]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|?Has variety
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=15
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=McCoin Upper}}

{{Condition summary|orchard=McCoin Upper}}

== Varieties ==
* [[Baldwin]]
* [[Black Twig]]
* [[Esopus Spitzenburg]]
* [[Fameuse]]
* [[Lawver]]
* [[Red Astrachan]]
* [[White Winter Pearmain]]
* [[Winesap]]
* [[Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin]]
== Historical Documents ==
* [[Media:Duane_Ecker_CRNG_Legacy_Notes_2001.pdf|Duane Ecker Field Notes (2001)]]
* [[Media:McCoin_Orchard_Survey_2012.pdf|Home Orchard Society Survey (2012)]]
* [[Media:McCoin_Orchard_Tree_List_2012.pdf|Tree List (2012)]]
* [[Media:McCoin_Upper_Map_2012.pdf|Hand-drawn Map (2012)]]
* [[Media:Homestead_Orchards_Central_Oregon_Agate_2015.pdf|"The Agate" Article (2015)]]
''See also: [[Document Archive]]''

== Maps ==

[[File:McCoin_Map_GoogEarth.pdf|thumb|600px|Spatial map with imagery]]

== Related Orchards ==
'''McCoin Homestead Orchards'''

The McCoin Upper and Lower orchards are part of the original McCoin homestead established by Julius and Sarah McCoin in 1886.

* [[McCoin Lower]]

[[Category:Orchards with Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

McCoin Lower

2026-04-28T20:29:09Z

Bot: Add NRHP listing reference to infobox and link in prose

{{Orchard Infobox
|name=McCoin Lower
|location=CRNG, OCHOCO NF
|national_register=yes
|nrhp_date=2015-05-26
|nrhp_ref=15000271
}}
The '''McCoin Lower''' orchard contains 31 documented heritage fruit trees.

== History ==

=== The McCoin Homestead (1886-1936) ===
[[File:Julius McCoin Family.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The McCoin family, early 1920s. Standing, left to right: Walter McCoin, Ella McCoin Mendenhall, Minnie McCoin Helfrich, Numa McCoin. Seated: Julius McCoin. Source: [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22980836/numa_franklin-mccoin Find a Grave].]]

Julius Spate McCoin (1850-1928) and Sarah Osborn McCoin homesteaded on the southeast flank of Gray Butte in the spring of 1886, claiming a 160-acre parcel under the Homestead Act. They selected a site at the head of a gully with a good spring, which provided reliable water for their orchards and livestock. The U.S. Department of the Interior issued a Homestead Patent to Julius McCoin on September 9, 1895 (BLM Serial Number ORTDAA 062819, Document 2435).

Julius established a freighting business between Prineville and The Dalles (and sometimes Shaniko), driving big 12-horse wagons loaded with wool, meat, hides, and other produce going out, and merchandise coming back. According to family tradition, during his freight runs he began collecting fruit tree starts, presumably from The Dalles, planting them in the protected gully below his house. Over time, his orchard grew to number over 100 trees, including apples, pears, and plums.

=== Family Tragedy ===

On December 4, 1888, while Julius was away on one of his freight runs, Sarah McCoin died suddenly at the age of 33. She was buried at Juniper Haven Cemetery in Prineville. Julius and Sarah had five children: Numa Franklin, Minnie Clara, Ella Jane, Ida Frances (who died in 1885), and Walter Henry (born July 1886). At the time of Sarah's death, four children survived; three were still at home — Minnie, Ella, and Walter. Taking stock of his family's predicament, Julius decided that with Minnie in charge, his children had sufficient gumption to run the ranch during his absences, which sometimes lasted up to two weeks. He never remarried.

The McCoins were among the earliest homesteaders in what would become Jefferson County, and their primary agricultural endeavor included livestock such as sheep and high-quality horses, in addition to their extensive orchard.

=== Abandonment and Sale (1930s) ===

Following a devastating ten-year drought during the Great Depression, the community of approximately 700 homesteaders around Gray Butte faced economic collapse. In 1934, Julius's youngest son Walter, who had managed the property, sold the homestead to the federal government for $1,200 as part of the National Grasslands "Relocation" or "Marginal Lands" program under the Roosevelt administration's New Deal.

The Civilian Conservation Corps subsequently demolished the house and other buildings, and the land was converted to grazing use. The community of homesteaders around Gray Butte was dispersed, and their buildings were flattened. The period of significance for the McCoin Homestead extends from occupation in 1886 until abandonment in 1936.

=== Rescue and Preservation (1970s-Present) ===

In the 1970s, two U.S. Forest Service/National Grasslands range specialists from Prineville, Duane Ecker and Harry Ketrenos, discovered the abandoned McCoin orchard and undertook efforts to rescue the surviving trees. They systematically pruned the trees and cleared encroaching brush, saving the orchard from being overtaken by juniper and sagebrush.

In August 2012, the Jefferson County Historical Society collaborated with the Home Orchard Society of Portland to conduct a comprehensive survey of the orchard. Expert "fruit detectives" Joanie Cooper and Shaun Shepherd carefully mapped the trees, took samples and cuttings for identification, and documented the varieties present. The survey identified approximately 63 living trees, including apple varieties such as Roxbury Russet, [[Northern Spy]], [[Yellow Transparent]], and Astrakhan, as well as pears and plums in the lower orchard areas.

On May 26, 2015, the Julius and Sarah McCoin Homestead and Orchard Site was officially [https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/15000271 listed on the National Register of Historic Places] (NRIS reference number 15000271). The site is recognized as emblematic of the homesteader experience in the Grasslands as described in the Multiple Property Document "The Settlement and Abandonment of the Crooked River Grassland in Jefferson County, OR, 1868-1937."

=== Current Restoration Efforts ===

The Heritage Apple Corps, a collaborative effort involving the School of Ranch, In Cahoots Heirloom Apple Orchard Collaborative, U.S. Forest Service staff, and community volunteers, continues restoration work at the orchard. Preservation efforts have included:

* Creation of a gene bank at the Historic Apple Preservation Arboretum in Clarno, where 41 trees from the Crooked River National Grassland have been grafted and cultivated
* Wildfire mitigation through removal of encroaching brush and juniper
* Ongoing variety identification work by botanists and the In Cahoots Heirloom Apple Orchard Collaborative
* DNA analysis with geneticists collecting cuttings grafted onto M-111 apple tree rootstock with nearly 100% grafting success

Today, the McCoin Orchard stands near the Gray Butte Trailhead as a living monument to the pioneer families who settled Central Oregon and a valuable repository of heritage fruit tree genetics.

''Sources: Jefferson County Historical Society "The Agate" (Spring 2015); Duane Ecker, "CRNG Apple Orchard Legacy Notes" (2001); Oregon Historic Sites Database; Home Orchard Society/JCHS 2012 Survey; Madras Pioneer; Oregon State Archives; [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/22426271/sarah_frances-mccoin Find a Grave: Sarah Frances McCoin]''

== Orchard Map ==
{{#ask: [[Has orchard::McCoin Lower]] [[Has coordinates::+]]
|?Has coordinates
|?Has field tag
|?Has condition
|?Has variety
|format=leaflet
|height=400px
|width=100%
|zoom=15
|scrollwheelzoom=off
}}

== Trees ==

{{Orchard tree list|orchard=McCoin Lower}}

{{Condition summary|orchard=McCoin Lower}}

== Varieties ==
* [[Alexander]]
* [[Baldwin]]
* [[Blue Pearmain]]
* [[Gloria Mundi]]
* [[Missouri Pippin]]
* [[Northern Spy]]
* [[Wealthy]]
* [[Yellow Bellflower]]
* [[Plum or poor DNA]]
== Historical Documents ==
* [[Media:Duane_Ecker_CRNG_Legacy_Notes_2001.pdf|Duane Ecker Field Notes (2001)]]
* [[Media:McCoin_Orchard_Survey_2012.pdf|Home Orchard Society Survey (2012)]]
* [[Media:McCoin_Lower_Map_2012.pdf|Hand-drawn Map (2012)]]
* [[Media:Homestead_Orchards_Central_Oregon_Agate_2015.pdf|"The Agate" Article (2015)]]
''See also: [[Document Archive]]''

== Maps ==

[[File:McCoin_Map_GoogEarth.pdf|thumb|600px|Spatial map with imagery]]

== Related Orchards ==
'''McCoin Homestead Orchards'''

The McCoin Upper and Lower orchards are part of the original McCoin homestead established by Julius and Sarah McCoin in 1886.

* [[McCoin Upper]]

[[Category:Orchards with Unique Trees]]
[[Category:Orchards]]
[[Category:Crooked River National Grassland]]

Template:Orchard Infobox

2026-04-28T20:29:08Z

Bot: Add nrhp_ref param to link NRHP listing in infobox

<includeonly>{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; width:300px; background:#f9f9f9;"
! colspan="2" style="background:#4a7c59; color:white; font-size:1.1em;" | {{{name}}}
|-
{{#if:{{{location}}}|
{{!}} '''Location''' {{!}}{{!}} {{{location}}}
{{!}}-
}}
| '''Tree Count''' || {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] |format=count}}
|-
| '''Species''' || {{#ifexpr: {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apple]] |format=count}} > 0 | {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apple]] |format=count}} apple|}}<nowiki/>{{#ifexpr: {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Pear]] |format=count}} > 0 | {{#ifexpr: {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apple]] |format=count}} > 0 |, |}}{{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Pear]] |format=count}} pear|}}<nowiki/>{{#ifexpr: {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Plum]] |format=count}} > 0 | {{#ifexpr: ({{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apple]] |format=count}} + {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Pear]] |format=count}}) > 0 |, |}}{{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Plum]] |format=count}} plum|}}<nowiki/>{{#ifexpr: {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apricot]] |format=count}} > 0 | {{#ifexpr: ({{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apple]] |format=count}} + {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Pear]] |format=count}} + {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Plum]] |format=count}}) > 0 |, |}}{{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has species::Apricot]] |format=count}} apricot|}}
|-
| '''Varieties''' || {{#ask: [[Has orchard::{{{name}}}]] [[Has variety::+]] [[Has variety::!Unknown]] [[Has variety::!Unique]] [[Has variety::!Unique Trees]] |format=count}} identified
|-
{{#if:{{{national_register|}}}|
{{!}} '''NRHP''' {{!}}{{!}} {{#if:{{{nrhp_ref|}}}|[https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/{{{nrhp_ref}}} Listed]|Listed}}{{#if:{{{nrhp_date|}}}| {{{nrhp_date}}}}}
{{!}}-
}}
|}
</includeonly><noinclude>
{{Orchard Infobox
|name=Example Orchard
|location=Crooked River National Grassland
|national_register=yes
|nrhp_date=2015-05-26
|nrhp_ref=15000271
}}

== Usage ==
<pre>
{{Orchard Infobox
|name=
|location=
|national_register=
|nrhp_date=
|nrhp_ref=
}}
</pre>

'''Note:''' Tree counts, species breakdown, and variety counts are now calculated automatically using Semantic MediaWiki queries based on trees that have <nowiki>[[Has orchard::OrchardName]]</nowiki> set.

When <code>nrhp_ref</code> is provided, the "Listed" text becomes a link to the National Register of Historic Places entry at <nowiki>https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/{ref}</nowiki>.

[[Category:Infobox templates]]
</noinclude>

Yellow Transparent

2026-04-28T17:38:28Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (yellow-transparent-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Yellow Transparent
|species=Apple
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000996.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Bayfield, Bayfield, Wisconsin). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

A Russian variety. Tree hardy and a strong grower and an unusually early bearer. Fruit pale yellow, good size and good quality; skin clear white at first, turning to a pale yellow when fully ripe. Parties who have fruited it extensively, both north and south, say that it ripens earlier than any other variety, being ten days or two weeks ahead of Early Harvest. This makes it exceedingly valuable as an early market variety, and we are convinced that it has come to stay. Our experience with this variety is very satisfactory. We have found it earliest of all apples. Of a mild, pleasant, yet sprightly flavor. It bears abundantly and at an extremely early age. Two year trees in the nursery rows frequently produce fine fruit. It should be in every home garden on the American continent. Aug.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-transparent-apple/ Yellow Transparent on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Very Early (Very early (July to early August))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || sweet tart, subacid, pleasant
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Mild, pleasant, sweet-tart; tender, juicy flesh
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, sauce, cooking, baking
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Poor
|-
| '''Size''' || Above Medium
|-
| '''Shape''' || Round
|-
| '''Skin color''' || yellow, green, white, pale, russet
|-
| '''Flesh''' || White tender
|-
| '''Origin''' || Riga, Latvia, c. 1850. Riga, Latvia (then Russian Empire); originated around 1850 as a chance seedling
|}

== Synonyms ==
Charlottenthaler, De Revel, Enthaler, Erdbeer Streifling, Grand-Sultan, Nitchner's Erdbeer, Red Duck, Reval (P. de), Revelstone, Revelstone Pippin, Skwosnoi Schotoi, Thaler, Transparente Blanche, Transparente Jaune, Transparente de Saint-Leger, Transparente de St. Leger, Weisser Transparent, White Transparent

== Fruit ==
'''Size.''' Medium or above medium, sometimes large (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick, Budd-Hansen); medium (Downing, Thomas, Hansen); above medium size (Central Experimental Farm). Pretty uniform in shape and size on young or vigorous-growing trees, where fruit may grow rather large; on mature slow-growing trees, especially when overloaded, the fruit is apt to be below medium size unless thinned (Beach). Hedrick notes the fruits on old trees run small and uneven in size and shape. Hansen's Transparent group description gives size as "5 to 6."

'''Form.''' Roundish ovate to roundish conic or oblate conic, slightly ribbed (Beach, Lowther); roundish oblate, slightly conical, slightly angular (Downing); roundish conical, sometimes roundish oblate and slightly conical, obscurely angular (Hansen); roundish conical, sometimes oblate conical, obscurely angular (Budd-Hansen); round conic (Thomas); roundish inclining to conical (Central Experimental Farm); round-oval, round-conic or oblate-conic, ribbed (Hedrick). Hansen's Transparent group gives form as "round, conical." Sides unequal.

'''Stem.''' Medium to long, rather thick (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick); short to medium, rather slender (Downing); medium to long (Hansen); long (Budd-Hansen); in Hansen's Transparent group description, "long, rather stout."

'''Cavity.''' Acute or approaching obtuse, medium to deep, rather narrow, sometimes slightly lipped, sometimes russeted (Beach, Hedrick); rather large, sometimes a little greenish (Downing); regular, obtuse, usually russeted (Hansen); regular, acute, usually russeted (Budd-Hansen); acute (Thomas). Hansen's Transparent group gives cavity as "very broad, medium deep." Lowther describes the cavity as "acute or approaching obtuse, medium to deep, rather narrow, somewhat abrupt, furrowed and slightly wrinkled", conflating the cavity with descriptors other sources assign to the basin.

'''Calyx.''' Closed (Downing, Beach, Hansen, Budd-Hansen, Hedrick); lobes medium in length, broad (Beach, Hedrick). Hansen's Transparent group description gives calyx as "open." Calyx tube conical (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick); funnel-shaped (Hansen); conical (Budd-Hansen). Stamens marginal.

'''Basin.''' Moderately shallow, rather narrow, somewhat abrupt, furrowed and slightly wrinkled (Beach); shallow, narrow, abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled (Hedrick); medium, slightly corrugated, sometimes with small protuberances (Downing); narrow, shallow, corrugated (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); shallow, regular (Thomas); medium, wrinkled (Hansen, Transparent group).

'''Skin.''' Thin, tender, smooth, waxy, pale greenish-yellow changing to an attractive yellowish-white (Beach, Lowther); pale yellow changing to yellowish-white (Hedrick); clear white at first, becoming pale yellow when fully mature (Downing); smooth, transparent; surface clear white, becoming pale yellow at maturity (Hansen); smooth, light yellow (Budd-Hansen); yellow, almost transparent (Thomas); pale yellow with a sprinkling of grayish dots (Central Experimental Farm); pale straw-yellow (Hansen, Transparent group). Beach notes that on account of its delicate color and tender skin it shows bruises readily and must be handled with extra care; Lowther echoes that it is not a good shipper for the same reason; Hedrick lists bruising and poor shipping/keeping as chief faults. Beach emphasizes it takes on a good clear yellow color before becoming overripe, which makes it desirable for local market.

'''Dots.''' Moderately numerous, greenish and light colored, often submerged (Beach, Lowther); moderately sprinkled with light and greenish dots, somewhat obscure (Downing); white, large, suffused, obscure (Hansen); large, white, suffused, many (Budd-Hansen); numerous, light colored, often submerged (Hedrick); grayish (Central Experimental Farm); slightly raised irregular gray dots (Hansen, Transparent group).

'''Flesh/Flavor.''' White, moderately firm (Beach, Lowther; "firm" per Hedrick), fine-grained, crisp, tender, juicy, sprightly subacid with a pleasant but not high flavor; quality good or sometimes very good (Beach, Hedrick, Lowther). Downing: white, half fine, tender, juicy, sprightly subacid; quality good to very good; flesh more tender and delicate than [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/tetofsky-apple/ Tetofsky]. Hansen: white, tender, fine grained, juicy, pleasant, sprightly subacid, very good. Budd-Hansen: white, fine-grained, juicy, pleasant, sprightly subacid, good to very good. Thomas: crisp, sub-acid, good. Central Experimental Farm: whitish, coarse, tender, juicy, pleasantly sub-acid, quality very good. Hansen's Transparent group: fine grained, nearly white; flavor pleasant acid. Hedrick notes that if not over-ripe, the apples are very good culinary fruits, and at the proper stage of maturity are acceptable for dessert.

'''Core/Seeds.''' Core medium (Downing); medium to small (Beach, Lowther); medium in size (Hedrick); slightly open, clasping (Hansen); half open, clasping (Budd-Hansen); cells partly open to wide open; core lines clasping (Beach, Hedrick); nearly closed (Hansen, Transparent group). Carpels broadly ovate (Beach, Hedrick). Seeds medium size, rather wide, rather flat, obtuse to slightly acute (Beach); wide, flat, obtuse (Hedrick).

== Season ==
Early. Beach gives late July and August; the crop ripens continuously through a period of three or four weeks, beginning in July and continuing in season in some cases till early September; two or more pickings are required to secure the fruit in prime condition. Downing: early August, a week or two before [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/tetofsky-apple/ Tetofsky]. Lowther: July and August, depending on latitude. Hedrick: July and August. Hansen: early August. Budd-Hansen: late July and early August. Central Experimental Farm: August and September. Hansen's Transparent group description: August 1st to 10th. It does not continue long in use (Downing); the fruits can never be kept long nor shipped far (Hedrick).

== Uses ==
One of the best of the extra early apples, excellent for culinary use and acceptable for dessert (Beach). Not equal in quality to [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/early-harvest-apple/ Early Harvest], but it begins to ripen somewhat earlier and is a more reliable cropper (Beach). Generally grown in New York state for home use only, but in some places cultivated to a limited extent for market, particularly for local market; desirable for this purpose because it takes on a good clear yellow color before becoming overripe (Beach). Thomas: "Largely grown all over the country as an excellent early market apple. Especially valuable for the kitchen." Budd-Hansen: a commercial variety for first early. Hedrick: very good culinary fruits if not over-ripe, acceptable for dessert at proper maturity. A. G. Tuttle (quoted via Hansen): "I find this variety profitable for the earliest fancy market, shipped in small boxes."

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000996.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Bayfield, Bayfield, Wisconsin)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000993.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Magnolia, Kent, Delaware)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000995.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Hancock, Washington, Maryland)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000998.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (College Park, Prince Georges, Maryland)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000997.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Arlington, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000999.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (College Park, Prince Georges, Maryland)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000013.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (South Haven, Van Buren, Michigan)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00000992.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (South Haven, Van Buren, Michigan)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Transparent_POM00003937.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Missoula, Missoula, Montana)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== USDA Bulletin 56 Notes ==
'''USDA name:''' Grand Sultan

'''USDA citations:''' NYExR'92

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 2 (1905). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* N.E. Hansen, A Study of Northwestern Apples (South Dakota Ag. Exp. Station Bulletin 76, 1902). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 68 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-transparent-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-transparent-apple/ Yellow Transparent on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Yellow Transparent]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]

Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin

2026-04-28T17:38:20Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (newtown-pippin-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin
|species=Apple
}}
We consider this, Yellow Newtown Pippin and Brooks' Pippin identical. Perhaps no apple stands higher in the market than this, or brings as high a price; others may be more profitable to the grower. It succeeds finely in the Piedmont region and in many parts of the Valley of Virginia, though in poor, cold soils it will not succeed. It needs a deep, warm soil to bring it to perfection. Where it does well, we would still advise planting it largely for market. Fruit large, round, lop-sided, ribbed and irregular; surface smooth, yellowish green, sometimes bronzy, becoming yellow when ripe; flesh yellow, firm, brittle, juicy; flavor acid, rich, agreeable; tree a slow grower in the nursery; does not succeed so well below the Piedmont country. This apple is identical with the famous Back Creek Pippin so successfully raised in this county. January to April.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/newtown-pippin-apple/ Newtown Pippin on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Winter
|-
| '''Flavor''' || subacid
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, cooking, cider
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Excellent
|-
| '''Size''' || Large
|-
| '''Shape''' || Round
|-
| '''Skin color''' || striped red, green, yellow, red, russet, blushed, crimson, dark, orange, striped
|-
| '''Flesh''' || firm
|-
| '''Origin''' || Long Island, New York, USA
|}

== Synonyms ==
Albemarle Pippin, Green Newtown, Green Newtown Pippin, Large Yellow Newtown Pippin, Newtown Pippin of New York, Yellow Newtown, Yellow Newtown Pippin

== USDA Bulletin 56 Notes ==
'''USDA name:''' Newtown Pippin

'''USDA citations:''' E

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 70 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/newtown-pippin-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/newtown-pippin-apple/ Newtown Pippin on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Yellow Newtown/Newtown Pippin]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]

Yellow Bellflower

2026-04-28T17:37:57Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (yellow-bellflower-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Yellow Bellflower
|species=Apple
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000874.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Fredericton, Canada). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

Planted Spring 1890. Tree a strong grower, and regular bearer. Fruit above medium size, oblong, tapering to eye. Skin smooth, pale yellow, sometimes with a faint blush. Flesh yellowish, coarse, tender, juicy, pleasantly acid, quality good. Season December and January.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-bellflower-apple/ Yellow Bellflower on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Late (Late fall (October to November))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || sweet, tart, aromatic, subacid, brisk
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Sweet-sharp; aromatic; yellowish flesh, fine-grained, firm; distinctly tart if not fully ripe, mellows in storage
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, cooking, baking, pies
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Good
|-
| '''Size''' || Very Large
|-
| '''Shape''' || Oblong
|-
| '''Skin color''' || red, yellow, pale, green, blushed, light, pink, russet
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow tender
|-
| '''Origin''' || Burlington County, New Jersey, USA, c. 1742. Crosswicks, Burlington County, New Jersey, USA; mid-1700s (possibly 1742)
|}

== Synonyms ==
Bell Flower, Bell-Flower, Belle Flavoise, Belle Fleur, Belle-Fleur, Belle-Fleur Jaune, Belle-Flower, Bellefleur Jaune, Bellefleur Yellow, Bellflower, Bishop's Pippin of Nova Scotia, Gelber Belle Fleur, Gelber Bellefleur, Gelber Englischer Schonbluhender, Gelber Englischer Schönblühender A, Gul. Bellefleur, Lady Washington, Lincoln Pippin, Lineous Pippin, Linnaeus Pippin, Linneous Pippin, Metzger Apfel, Metzger Cahill, Metzger's Cahill, Metzger's Calvill, Metzgerapfel, Monstrous Bellflower, Reinette Muse, Reinette Musque, Reinette Musquee, Warren Pippin, Weisser Metzger A, Weisser Metzger Apfel, Weisser Metzgerapfel, Yellow Belle Fleur, Yellow Belle-fleur, Yellow Bellefleur, Yellow Belleflower

== Fruit ==
'''Size:''' Large to very large, but variable, small to large or very large (Beach). Often a large percentage of apples, especially when grown where rainfall is scarce during the growing season, do not reach marketable size. Central Experimental Farm reports above medium size.

'''Form:''' Oblong, often oblong-ovate or oblong-conic, with apex quite narrow and conical (Thomas); roundish oblong narrowing toward the basin varying to oblong conic, frequently somewhat ovate, irregularly elliptical and more or less ribbed, often with prominent ridges at the apex; sides usually unequal (Beach, Hedrick). A little irregular, tapering to the eye (Downing, Elliott). Angular and ribbed, tapering to the calyx (Budd-Hansen). Coxe describes the related Monstrous Bellflower as oblong, resembling Yellow Bellflower but more regular in form.

'''Stem:''' Long, slender, curved (Downing, Elliott, Warder long curved); medium to rather long, rather slender to moderately stout (Beach); slender (Thomas); medium to long, very stout (Budd-Hansen, note: conflicts with the more common "slender" reports); long, slender (Hedrick).

'''Cavity:''' Deep (Downing, Elliott); deep, acute or wide, wavy (Warder); medium to large, acute to acuminate, deep to very deep, moderately narrow to wide, furrowed, sometimes compressed, sometimes lipped, usually with outspreading broken rays of brownish russet (Beach); regular, deep, obtuse, with a faint trace of russet (Budd-Hansen); large, acute, deep, wide, furrowed, sometimes compressed, sometimes lipped, usually with outspreading broken rays of brownish-red russet (Hedrick).

'''Calyx:''' Closed (Downing, Elliott); small, closed (Warder); below medium to above, closed or partly so; lobes narrow, acuminate, pubescent (Beach, Hedrick).

'''Basin:''' Plaited, deep (Elliott); rather narrow, plaited (Downing); shallow or moderately deep, plaited or folded (Warder); ribbed (Thomas); small, oblique, abrupt, narrow, shallow to rather deep, distinctly ridged and wrinkled (Beach, Hedrick); narrow, shallow (Budd-Hansen, text cuts off).

'''Skin:''' Smooth, pale lemon yellow, often with a blush next the sun (Downing); smooth, rich yellow, sometimes blushed (Warder); pale yellow with a blush next the sun (Elliott); smooth, pale lemon yellow, often with bronze red blush (Budd-Hansen); pale lemon-yellow varying to whitish in the shade and often with a shade of brownish-red in the sun which in highly colored specimens deepens to a pinkish-red blush; prevailing effect bright pale yellow (Beach); smooth, delicate, pale, lemon-yellow, waxen skin usually beautifully blushed on the cheek to the sun (Hedrick). At the time of picking it is generally a greenish yellow, but as it ripens it comes to be a light golden yellow (Lowther). Color improves in storage, becoming more clearly yellow as the fruit matures (Beach). Tender skin is easily injured/bruised, must be handled very carefully because it very easily shows bruises. Central Experimental Farm: smooth, pale yellow, sometimes with a faint blush.

'''Dots:''' Scattered, gray (Warder); whitish or russet, numerous and small toward the basin, larger, irregular and scattering toward the cavity (Beach, Hedrick); obscure, numerous, minute, whitish and russet (Budd-Hansen).

'''Flesh/Flavor:''' Tender, juicy, crisp, with a sprightly subacid flavor; before fully ripe it is considerably acid; very good (Downing). Yellow, breaking, fine-grained, juicy; flavor acid to sub-acid, aromatic, very rich and satisfying; quality best (Warder). Tender, juicy, crisp, sprightly, sub-acid (Elliott). Very tender when ripe, fine grained, crisp, juicy, acid, becoming sub-acid, excellent (Thomas). Whitish tinged with pale yellow, firm, crisp, moderately fine-grained, rather tender, juicy, aromatic, very good for culinary use, rather too acid for dessert early in the season but later its acidity becomes somewhat subdued (Beach). Yellow, firm, crisp, fine-grained, tender, juicy, aromatic; very good (Hedrick). Yellowish, coarse, tender, juicy, pleasantly acid, quality good (Central Experimental Farm, note: "coarse" conflicts with the consistent "fine-grained" reports of other sources). Rather acid until well ripened when it is pleasant and luscious (Lowther). Coxe (on Monstrous Bellflower): rich, juicy and tender. Hedrick (1922) judged the fruits "not suitable for dessert, the flavor being a little too austere, but unsurpassed for culinary purposes." Beach noted it is "rather too briskly subacid to suit the tastes of some, particularly during the early part of its season" and "does not reach its best condition for dessert use till January or later, when its acidity becomes somewhat subdued."

'''Core/Seeds:''' Core large, oval, open, clasping (Warder); seeds in a large hollow capsule or core (Downing); core large; capsules long, hollow; seeds large, ovate pyriform, angular at broad end (Elliott); seeds dark, large, angular, imperfect (Warder); seeds long (Thomas); core large, long, remarkably abaxile; cells sometimes unsymmetrical, wide open or partly closed; core lines clasping the funnel cylinder; carpels long, narrow, roundish obovate, much concave, much tufted; seeds large, long, obtuse to acute (Beach); core large, long, remarkably abaxile; cells unsymmetrical, wide open or partly closed; core-lines clasping; carpels long, narrow, round-obovate, concave, much tufted; seeds large, long, obtuse (Hedrick). Calyx tube yellowish, elongated funnel-shape, sometimes extending to the core; stamens median to basal (Beach); stamens median (Hedrick).

== Season ==
December (Warder); December to February (Downing); December to March (Elliott, "October to February, South"); December and January (Central Experimental Farm); winter, keeps through winter (Thomas); season at Geneva, NY from December to April with January or February as the commercial limit; in cold storage it keeps about with [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/batchelor-apple/ Tompkins King], but not as well as [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/rhode-island-greening-apple/ Rhode Island Greening] (Beach); October to March (Hedrick). Storage behavior is contested: tender and easily bruised, yet when grown in some sections, if carefully handled, it keeps well, while in others it deteriorates rapidly (Lowther). Some do not regard it as a good keeper, while others find that it keeps pretty well (Beach). It does not stand heat well before going into storage and when it begins to deteriorate goes down quickly. To get best results in storage, the fruit must be thoroughly protected from scab in the orchard, picked and handled with extra care, and kept from heat from the time it is picked till it is stored as well as while in storage. Hedrick (1922): "The apples do not stand storage well, and deteriorate quickly when brought from low temperatures." Quite susceptible to injury by the apple-scab fungus (fruit and foliage).

== Uses ==
Use: table, kitchen, market (Warder). Generally highly esteemed for culinary uses and also for its excellent dessert qualities, although it is rather too briskly subacid to suit the tastes of some, particularly during the early part of its season (Beach). One of the finest culinary apples in the catalogue (Warder). A favorite for dessert wherever known (Budd-Hansen). Hedrick: not suitable for dessert (austere flavor), but unsurpassed for culinary purposes. Coxe (on Monstrous Bellflower): a pleasant fruit, although inferior to many excellent apples of the season. In California it is one of the best apples when grown upon the highlands or mountain sides (Lowther).

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000874.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Fredericton, Canada)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000525.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Watsonville, Santa Cruz, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000869.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Watsonville, Santa Cruz, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000132.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (San Diego, San Diego, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000871.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Arlington, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000870.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Krieger, L.C.C. (Louis Charles Christopher) (Douglas Flat, Calaveras, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000872.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Sacramento, Sacramento, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000873.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Yellow_Bellflower_POM00000875.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Strange, M. (Portland, Multnomah, Oregon)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* John A. Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* Coxe, A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees (1817). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* F.R. Elliott, The Western Fruit Book (1865). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 67 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-bellflower-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/yellow-bellflower-apple/ Yellow Bellflower on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Yellow Bellflower]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]

Winter Banana

2026-04-28T17:37:49Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (winter-banana-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Winter Banana
|species=Apple
}}
This valuable new variety was originated on the farm of D. N. Flory, Cass County, Indiana. Fruit large, fine grained, a beautiful golden yellow, shaded with bright red, unusually handsome. Flesh of golden yellow, very large and highly perfumed and considered the most flavored apple grown; an excellent table variety. Tree hardy. An early and prolific bearer. November to May. We have watched this apple since its introduction and from our personal observation, believe it is a profitable variety to grow, especially for the fancy trade, and those who wish to secure this class of business will make no mistake in planting it.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winter-banana-apple/ Winter Banana on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Winter
|-
| '''Flavor''' || subacid, aromatic, mild
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Good
|-
| '''Size''' || Large
|-
| '''Shape''' || Oblate Conic
|-
| '''Skin color''' || yellow, blushed, pink, red, russet, dark, light, orange
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow tender
|-
| '''Origin''' || Indiana, USA, c. 1876
|}

== Synonyms ==
Banana, Banana Apple

== Fruit ==
'''Size.''' Nearly large to very large, not very uniform in size or shape. Bunyard gives dimensions as "very large, 3 by 2½."

'''Form.''' Roundish conic to oblong conic, or sometimes oblate and noticeably flat at the base, often irregularly elliptical and somewhat ribbed; axis sometimes oblique; sides often unequal (Beach; Hedrick concurs). Bunyard: "round, rather flattened, tapering to eye."

'''Stem.''' Short to moderately long, medium in thickness to rather slender (Beach); Hedrick: "short to long"; Bunyard: "rather slender, fairly long."

'''Cavity.''' Usually rather large, acute to acuminate, moderately shallow to deep, broad, gently furrowed, sometimes lipped, smooth or sometimes partly russeted (Beach). Hedrick: "large, acute, shallow, broad, gently furrowed, sometimes lipped, smooth or partly russeted." Bunyard: "wide deep cavity, which is sometimes rather russet."

'''Calyx.''' Small to medium, partly open or sometimes closed; lobes convergent or connivent, short to medium length, obtuse to acute (Beach). Hedrick: "small, partly open or sometimes closed; lobes convergent or connivent, short, obtuse." Bunyard: "Eye, slightly open."

'''Basin.''' Small to medium, often decidedly oblique, rather shallow to moderately deep, usually rather narrow but sometimes moderately wide, obtuse to rather abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled (Beach). Hedrick: "small, often oblique, shallow, narrow or sometimes wide, obtuse, furrowed and wrinkled." Bunyard: "broad, slightly ribbed basin."

'''Skin.''' Smooth, moderately thick (Hedrick: "thick"), tough, waxy, bright pale yellow, often with a blush which in well-colored specimens deepens to dark pinkish-red (Hedrick: "deepens to dark red"). Often a suture line extends from the basin nearly or quite to the cavity. Dots numerous, whitish and submerged or with fine russet point. Prevailing effect yellow with a pretty contrasting blush. Bunyard: "Colour, pale golden-yellow with slight red flush. Skin, very smooth." Hedrick: "clear pale waxen yellow with a delicate blush which sometimes deepens into a bright red." The color shows bruises more readily than do red apples like [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/baldwin-apple/ Baldwin] or [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/batchelor-apple/ Tompkins King] (Beach); Lowther emphasizes "it is so easily bruised and shows its bruises so clearly that in picking, packing and marketing it must be handled with very great care"; Hedrick: "the fruits are so easily bruised that they seldom reach the market in good condition."

'''Flesh and flavor.''' Flesh whitish tinged with pale yellow (Beach) / pale yellow (Bunyard, Hedrick), moderately firm (Beach) / firm (Hedrick), a little coarse / coarse, somewhat crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, distinctly aromatic, good to very good (Beach; Hedrick concurs). Bunyard: "pale yellow, a little coarse grained, juicy, aromatic." Beach: "characteristically aromatic, of good dessert quality, but too mild in flavor to excel for culinary uses." Hedrick: "The flavor is that rich admixture of sweet and sour which characterizes most of our best fruits, while the aroma has a suggestion of musk exclusively the property of this apple."

'''Core and seeds.''' Calyx tube wide above, rather short (Hedrick: "short"), cone-shape or funnel-form (Hedrick: "cone-shape"). Stamens median to marginal (Hedrick: "median"). Core rather small to above medium (Hedrick: "small"), abaxile; cells not uniformly developed, usually symmetrical and open, sometimes closed; core lines somewhat clasping (Hedrick: "clasping"). Carpels elongated ovate, narrow, emarginate, tufted. Seeds often abortive; the plump ones vary from small to rather large and are more or less irregular, usually obtuse to acute (Hedrick: "obtuse"), dull dark brown, sometimes tufted.

== Season ==
In ordinary storage the fruit is in season from mid-November to the first of April (Beach), or December to the first of April (Lowther). Hedrick: "October to March"; also says "The season is that of [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/rhode-island-greening-apple/ Rhode Island Greening]." Bunyard: "Dessert, till March." Beach notes its safe commercial limit in the New York climate probably would not extend much beyond December. In cold storage it ranks as a keeper about with [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/rhode-island-greening-apple/ Rhode Island Greening], but is not equal to [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/baldwin-apple/ Baldwin] (Beach).

== Uses ==
Dessert apple of good quality; too mild in flavor to excel for culinary uses (Beach; Lowther). Not highly regarded as a market variety on account of the tender flesh and color which shows bruises very readily (Lowther; Hedrick concurs, "the variety is thus condemned for commercial plantings"). Beach suggests "it could perhaps be used to advantage commercially to follow the [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/maidens-blush-apple/ Maiden Blush] and extend the season for fruit having the general appearance of that variety. As compared with [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/maidens-blush-apple/ Maiden Blush] this is larger, neither as uniform nor as symmetrical, better for dessert use but less desirable for culinary purposes." Hedrick recommends it especially for the amateur planter.

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* E.A. Bunyard, A Handbook of Hardy Fruits (1920). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 55 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winter-banana-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winter-banana-apple/ Winter Banana on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Winter Banana]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]

Winesap

2026-04-28T17:29:05Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (winesap-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Winesap
|species=Apple
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00001025.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

We can scarcely find words sufficiently strong to express the high opinion we have for this fruit, possessing, as it does, a combination of so many excellent qualities. For cider it has no equals; for the table it stands among the best; for keeping it is justly esteemed; and for bearing it scarcely has a rival. Considering all this, we most earnestly recommend it to the consideration of orchardists. Fruit medium size, rather oblong; skin smooth, of a fine dark red, with a few streaks and a little yellow ground appearing on the shady side; flesh yellow, firm, crisp, with a rich, high flavor. December to April.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winesap-apple/ Winesap on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Late (Late fall (late October))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || sweet tart, spicy, vinous, subacid, rich, brisk
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Distinctive wine-like and spicy flavor; balanced sweet-tart with tangy, savory nuances; crisp yellow flesh
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, cooking, cider, baking
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Excellent
|-
| '''Size''' || Medium
|-
| '''Shape''' || Round
|-
| '''Skin color''' || striped red, red, yellow, dark, striped, russet, crimson, blushed
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow fine
|-
| '''Origin''' || New Jersey, USA, c. 1750. New Jersey, USA; Colonial era (before 1804), exact origin unknown
|}

== Synonyms ==
Holland's Red Winter, Pot Pie Apple, Potpie Apple, Royal Red, Royal Red of Kentucky, Texan Red, Wine Sap, Wine Sop

== Fruit ==
=== Size ===
Medium (Coxe, Warder, Downing, Hansen, Thomas, Budd-Hansen). Hedrick says "medium to large." Beach notes that in New York Winesap "seldom reaches good medium size" and averages even smaller than fruit grown farther south; Lowther confirms "the difficulty with the Winesap is its tendency to grow small," but notes this may be obviated by fertilizing or heavy pruning, and that in the Piedmont region in Virginia and the Pacific Northwest it reaches good size. Beach and Lowther agree the fruit is pretty uniform in size and shape. Hedrick calls it "uniform in size and shape."

=== Form ===
Round, lessening a little towards the crown (Coxe); roundish oblong (Downing); conical, often obscurely angular or slightly ribbed (Warder); roundish conical, often obscurely angular and slightly ribbed (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); round-ovate, slightly conical, sometimes obscurely flattened (Thomas); usually conical, sometimes roundish, nearly truncate at base, nearly regular or obscurely ribbed, symmetrical (Beach); roundish conical, nearly truncate at the base (Lowther); usually conical, sometimes round, truncate at base, regular or obscurely ribbed, symmetrical (Hedrick). Hedrick emphasizes the "rotund shape, usually somewhat truncate, and always uniform and regular."

=== Stem ===
Medium (Warder, Hansen, Budd-Hansen); short, rather slender (Hedrick); medium to short, rather slender (Beach); slender, three-fourths of an inch long (Thomas); nearly an inch long, slender (Downing).

=== Cavity ===
Wide, reddish brown (Warder); wide, regular, acute, lined with reddish stellate russet, sometimes extending out a little over base (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); irregular (Downing); acute (Thomas); medium to rather small, acute to acuminate, narrow to rather broad, deep, symmetrical or somewhat furrowed, often more or less lipped, often russeted or with outspreading russet rays (Beach); small, acute, narrow, deep, symmetrical or furrowed, often lipped, often russeted or with outspreading russet rays (Hedrick).

=== Calyx ===
Small, closed (Warder); small, placed in a regular basin with fine plaits (Downing); small, in a finely plaited basin (Thomas); closed, segments flat convergent (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); medium to large, closed; lobes long, narrow, acuminate (Beach); large, closed; lobes long, narrow, acuminate (Hedrick).

=== Basin ===
Narrow, shallow, plaited (Warder, Hansen, Budd-Hansen); rather small to medium, often oblique, shallow to rather deep and abrupt, narrow to moderately wide, distinctly furrowed, somewhat wrinkled (Beach); small, often oblique, shallow, narrow, distinctly furrowed, wrinkled (Hedrick); finely plaited (Thomas).

=== Skin ===
Smooth (Coxe, Downing, Thomas); medium in thickness, tough, smooth, glossy (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick); moderately thick, very tough; surface smooth (Hansen, Budd-Hansen). Color: dark red with a small portion of yellow, sometimes a few streaks (Coxe); fine dark red, with a few streaks, and a little yellow ground, appearing on the shady side (Downing); lively deep red (Thomas); bright or dark red, mixed and obscurely striped on yellow, which is mostly covered, often veined russet (Warder); rich dark yellow, mostly covered with fine lively dark red, sometimes obscurely striped, often with russet net-veining, especially toward the base (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); bright deep red indistinctly striped and blotched with very dark purplish-red over a distinctly yellow ground color or green if not fully mature, overspread with faint bloom (Beach); bright deep red (Lowther); bright red indistinctly striped and blotched with dark red over a yellow ground-color, overspread with faint bloom (Hedrick). Hedrick summarizes: "prevailing color… bright deep red, striped and blotched with dark purple, the ground color being golden yellow, which, with the smooth glossy texture and soft bloom, make this a very handsome fruit." Prevailing effect: bright deep red (Beach) / deep red (Hedrick). Stark Bros. (1910) simply: "a dark red color."

=== Dots ===
Few, minute, indented (Warder); few, minute, indented toward the apex, distinctly elongated toward the base (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); rather small, scattering, whitish, sometimes in conspicuous contrast with the deep red skin especially toward the cavity (Beach); small, scattering, white (Hedrick).

=== Flesh / Flavor ===
Rich, yellow, and tolerably juicy, pleasant, and sweet (Coxe); firm, yellow; flavor rich, acid to sub-acid (Warder); yellow, firm, crisp, with a rich, high flavor; "Very good" (Downing); yellowish, firm, crisp, with a rich sub-acid or rather acid flavor (Thomas); yellow, firm, crisp, fine-grained, rich, sprightly subacid, very good (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); tinged with yellow, veins sometimes red, very firm, rather coarse, moderately crisp, very juicy, sprightly subacid, good to very good (Beach, Lowther); yellow, veins sometimes red, firm, coarse, crisp, juicy, sprightly subacid; good to very good (Hedrick). Hedrick further notes "the coarse yellow flesh, with veins tinged with red, is distinctive, as is, also, the sprightly, subacid flavor."

=== Core / Seeds ===
Core regular, somewhat open (Warder); slightly open, clasping, turbinate; cells ovate, slit; tube funnel-shaped; stamens marginal (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); medium to small, abaxile with a hollow cylinder in the axis, narrowing toward the apex; cells pretty uniformly developed, symmetrical, open or slightly closed; core lines clasping; carpels broadly roundish, much concave, slightly emarginate if at all, mucronate (Beach); small, abaxile with a hollow cylinder in the axis, narrowing toward the apex; cells uniformly developed, symmetrical, open or nearly closed; core-lines clasping; carpels broadly round, concave, slightly emarginate if at all, mucronate (Hedrick). Calyx tube quite variable, conical or funnel-shape (Beach); variable, conical (Hedrick); stamens marginal (Beach, Hedrick, Hansen, Budd-Hansen). Seeds large, rather light (Warder); few, medium, short, plump, rather short, brown (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); below medium to above, wide, plump, obtuse (Beach); wide, plump, obtuse (Hedrick).

== Season ==
Coxe notes the apples hang late on the tree and can make good cider without housing, though they will repay complete maturation in an airy loft by the increased flavor of the liquor. Warder: January to March. Downing: November to May. Hansen and Budd-Hansen: December to May. Thomas: "Keeps through winter." Beach: at his Station in season from January to June with April as the ordinary commercial limit; in more southern latitudes the season extends to February in ordinary storage and to April in cold storage. Hedrick: October to March. Beach and Hedrick both note the fruit is a good shipper and stands heat well before going into storage, but late in the season it often scalds, particularly when not well colored (Beach) / often scalds in cold storage (Hedrick). Stark Bros. (1910) calls it "the best of all late varieties."

== Uses ==
Market, kitchen, cider (Warder). One of the best cider fruits, the cider produced from it is "vinous, clear, and strong; equal to any fruit liquor of our country for bottling" (Coxe); Downing likewise calls it "one of the very finest cider fruits" as well as "a good Apple for the table." Thomas: "One of the best apples for baking." A good eating apple (Coxe). One of the leading apples for export (Hansen, Budd-Hansen). A major commercial / market variety (Beach, Stark Bros., Hedrick).

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00001025.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004231.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Syracuse, Onondaga, New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004232.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Yakima, Yakima, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000755.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Franktown, Washoe, Nevada)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00001024.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Charlottesville, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004221.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Kansas City, Jackson, Missouri)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004222.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Woodside, Kent, Delaware)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004224.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004228.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000752.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Medford, Jackson, Oregon)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000753.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Medford, Jackson, Oregon)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000754.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Goode, Bedford, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004225.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Goode, Bedford, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004226.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Riverside, Riverside, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004229.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004230.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Magnolia, Kent, Delaware)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00003936.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Patuxent, Anne Arundel, Maryland)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000756.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (Shawnee, Pottawatomie, Oklahoma)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000757.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (Coleman Falls, Bedford, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004223.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (Redlands, San Bernardino, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000751.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Yakima, Yakima, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000055.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004227.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Lower, Elsie E. (Pleasant Valley, El Dorado, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004233.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Richmond, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004251.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Arlington, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004252.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Flint Hill, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004253.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004254.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00000895.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Vincennes, Knox, Indiana)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00003903.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Crozet, Albemarle, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00003933.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Waynesboro, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00003934.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Waynesboro, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00003935.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Waynesboro, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Winesap_POM00004031.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Gladys, Campbell, Virginia)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== Sources ==
* Coxe, A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees (1817). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* John A. Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* N.E. Hansen, A Study of Northwestern Apples (South Dakota Ag. Exp. Station Bulletin 76, 1902). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 72 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winesap-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/winesap-apple/ Winesap on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Winesap]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]

White Winter Pearmain

2026-04-28T17:28:39Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (white-winter-pearmain-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=White Winter Pearmain
|species=Apple
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00004135.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Watsonville, Santa Cruz, California). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

Large, roundish, oblong, conic; pale yellow with high flavor. The original tree has never failed to produce from a moderate set to a full crop. It is not only a beauty but all right for size, quality and productiveness, qualities rarely combined in one variety. Season, December to March.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/white-winter-pearmain-apple/ White Winter Pearmain on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Late (Late fall to winter (October to November))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || sweet, aromatic, honeyed, subacid, mild
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Honeyed, tropical notes; sweet, sprightly; tender, fine-grained, crisp flesh; aromatic
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, pies, sauce, cider, cooking
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Excellent
|-
| '''Size''' || Above Medium
|-
| '''Shape''' || Conic
|-
| '''Skin color''' || yellow, green, blushed, red
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow crisp
|-
| '''Origin''' || eastern United States, USA, c. 1790. Unknown, likely eastern United States; documented before 1850, possibly late 1700s to early 1800s
|}

== Synonyms ==
Campbellite, Michael Henry, Michael Henry Pippin, WHITE PEARMAIN, White Pearmain, Winter Harvey

== Origin and History ==
Origin unknown; thought to be an old Eastern variety whose name was lost when it traveled west, though it has never been definitively identified. Warder records that the fruit was brought to Indiana by some of the early pomologists "in the days of saddle-bag transportation." In a lot of grafts, two varieties lost their labels and were propagated and fruited without name; being considered Pearmain-shaped, they were called respectively Red and White Winter Pearmains. The former proved to be the [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/esopus-spitzenberg-apple/ Esopus Spitzenberg]; the latter has never been identified, though it is believed to be an old eastern variety. Downing suggested it might be the Winter Harvey, a description of which Warder had not seen. Hedrick reiterates that it was "one of the highly prized possessions of the pioneers of Ohio and Indiana," brought as grafts during the saddle-bag era, and is "thought to be an old sort renamed, but what it is no one knows."

For a time the variety was confounded with the [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/michael-henry-apple/ Michael Henry Pippin], an old New Jersey apple. Elliott, in his first edition (1854), made White Pearmain and White Winter Pearmain synonyms of [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/michael-henry-apple/ Michael Henry Pippin] because all specimens he had examined matched that variety; on later testing on his own grounds he became confident of its distinctness, and retained it under the name by which it was generally known. Warder likewise notes the early confusion and affirms the two are very distinct. In 1858 the American Pomological Society catalogued it as White Winter Pearmain; since 1897 it has been listed by the Society as White Pearmain, though Beach observes "it is very doubtful whether this change will be generally accepted by fruit growers and fruit dealers." Downing also records the name "Campbellite" for this variety.

It is an old favorite dessert apple in portions of the Middle West from Ohio to Kansas, and Elliott reports that "in Oregon it is one of the most desirable of apples." Beach notes it succeeds better in those regions than in New York, where it has been little grown and is now seldom or never planted. Budd-Hansen's specimen illustrated was "a fine specimen from the Pacific slope, in Washington, shown at the Pan-American Exposition, 1901." Hedrick adds that its cultivation is largely confined to Ohio and Indiana, though it has been somewhat planted in the Far West, and notes the apples are "not particularly attractive in appearance, neither shape nor color appealing to the eye."

== Fruit ==
'''Size.''' Medium to large, or "below medium to nearly large" (Beach); above medium (Elliott); rather large (Thomas); above medium to large (Budd-Hansen); medium to large (Hedrick). Uniform in size and shape.

'''Form.''' Conical, regular, sometimes obscurely angular (Warder); roundish oblong conic, somewhat oblique (Downing); roundish ovate or roundish approaching oblong conic, varying to roundish conic, somewhat ribbed, pretty symmetrical (Beach); oblong conical, angular or oblique (Elliott); conical, angular or ribbed (Thomas); roundish oblong conic, somewhat oblique and ribbed toward the base (Budd-Hansen); round-oblate, round or oblong-conic, ribbed, symmetrical (Hedrick).

'''Stem.''' Medium to long, often knobby and clubbed (Warder); short (Downing, Elliott, Thomas); medium to long, often fleshy or knobbed at branch end (Budd-Hansen); medium to long (Beach, Hedrick).

'''Cavity.''' Acute, wavy, brown (Warder); deep, nearly closed (Downing); deep (Elliott); rather small to above medium, acute, deep, moderately narrow to broad, somewhat furrowed, sometimes russeted (Beach); deep, regular, obtuse, with faint trace of russet (Budd-Hansen); small, acute, deep, narrow, furrowed, sometimes russeted (Hedrick).

'''Calyx.''' Medium, closed (Warder); nearly closed (Elliott); medium to large, usually closed, lobes long, acute (Beach); open, with segments long, divergent (Budd-Hansen); large, usually closed, lobes long, acute (Hedrick). Downing notes "Segments long." Calyx tube long, conical (Beach, Hedrick); tube funnel-shaped, stamens median (Budd-Hansen).

'''Basin.''' Abrupt, regular or shallow and folded (Warder); uneven (Downing, Budd-Hansen); uneven, surrounded by five prominences, continued in obscure angles along its sides (Elliott); small to medium, oblique, shallow and obtuse to medium in depth and rather abrupt, medium in width, often distinctly furrowed, wrinkled, pubescent (Beach); shallow, uneven, or ribbed (Budd-Hansen); small, oblique, shallow, obtuse, often distinctly furrowed, wrinkled, pubescent (Hedrick).

'''Skin.''' Smooth, yellow, often bronzy (Warder); pale yellow, with a slight blush or warm cheek, thickly sprinkled with minute brown dots (Downing); pale yellow, with slight blush cheek and minute brown dots (Elliott); light yellowish green, with a brownish red cheek (Thomas); clear pale yellow, with faint bronze blush or warm cheek (Budd-Hansen); tough, smooth, slightly waxen, pale yellow, or at first greenish, with a shade of brownish-red (Beach); tough, smooth, waxen, pale yellow, with a shade of brownish-red (Hedrick). Dots scattered, small, dark (Warder); minute brown (Downing, Elliott); distinct, numerous, minute, russet (Budd-Hansen); numerous, pale or russet, often submerged, usually larger and much elongated about the cavity (Beach, Hedrick).

'''Flesh / Flavor.''' Yellow, fine grained, tender, crisp, juicy; flavor mild sub-acid, very rich; quality best (Warder). Yellowish, tender, crisp, juicy, very pleasant subacid; very good (Downing). Yellowish, tender, crisp, juicy, pleasant, very mild sub-acid; "very good" (Elliott). Whitish, fine-grained, with a mild sub-acid, rich, fine flavor (Thomas). Yellowish, tender, juicy, crisp, spicy, very pleasant subacid, excellent to best (Budd-Hansen). Slightly tinged with yellow, firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, sprightly, very pleasantly aromatic, very good to best (Beach). Yellow, firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, sprightly, pleasantly aromatic; good to best (Hedrick). Hedrick notes the apples are "a little too mild for culinary uses."

'''Core / Seeds.''' Core regular, closed, slightly clasping the eye; seeds few, pointed, pale or yellow (Warder). Core medium to rather large; cells closed or partly open; core lines somewhat clasping; carpels rather flat, broad or roundish-cordate, emarginate, mucronate, tufted; seeds light brown, medium to large, rather wide, plump, obtuse to acute, tufted (Beach). Core closed; cells round, slit; tube funnel-shaped; stamens median; seeds plump (Budd-Hansen). Core medium to large; cells closed or partly open; core-lines clasping; carpels flat, broad or round-cordate, emarginate, mucronate, tufted; seeds light brown, large, wide, plump, obtuse, tufted (Hedrick).

== Season ==
December to March (Warder, Beach, Hedrick); January to April (Downing, Elliott); December to April (Budd-Hansen); winter (Lowther). Beach notes the fruit is "often scabby on rich limestone soils and on old trees" (under fruit), affecting handsomeness in some seasons.

== Uses ==
Table, kitchen, market (Warder). Both kitchen and market (Lowther). A dessert apple (Beach). Hedrick remarks it is "a little too mild for culinary uses," implying its strength is as a dessert fruit.

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00004135.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Watsonville, Santa Cruz, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00004137.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Watsonville, Santa Cruz, California)
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00004138.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Milton-Freewater, Umatilla, Oregon)
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00004134.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai, Idaho)
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00000047.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Corvallis, Benton, Oregon)
File:USDA_Pomological_White_Winter_Pearmain_POM00003891.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Shull, James Marion (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== Sources ==
* John A. Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* F.R. Elliott, The Western Fruit Book (1865). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 41 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/white-winter-pearmain-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/white-winter-pearmain-apple/ White Winter Pearmain on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::White Winter Pearmain]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]

Wealthy

2026-04-28T17:28:06Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (wealthy-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Wealthy
|species=Apple
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003354.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Rockyford, Otero, Colorado). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

An apple of fine appearance and quality, an early and too profuse bearer. A good market apple of its season. Tree nearly as hardy as Duchess. Its chief fault is killing itself by its early and excessive bearing. Its keeping quality, if gathered early and carefully handled, is pretty good in the North, but farther south it is only a fine fall apple, ripening with us in September. In size and beauty it equals Baldwin, and a better dessert apple.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/wealthy-apple/ Wealthy on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Early (Early fall (late August to September))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || sweet, subacid, berry, aromatic, vinous
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Mild subacid flavor with notes of pear and lemon; sweet when fully ripe with strawberry hints; juicy and crisp
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, cider, cooking
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Good
|-
| '''Size''' || Above Medium
|-
| '''Shape''' || Oblate
|-
| '''Skin color''' || yellow, green, red, crimson, blushed, striped, pale, dark, orange, pink
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Pink tender
|-
| '''Origin''' || Minnesota, USA, c. 1861. Excelsior, Minnesota, USA; developed by Peter Gideon, first fruited around 1861
|}

== Fruit ==
'''Size:''' Medium (Downing, Thomas); above medium to large when well grown but often small on old trees, more or less uneven in size (Beach); above medium to large, inclining to be small and to ripen irregularly on old trees (Lowther); above medium to large (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); fairly large, 3 by 2¼ (Bunyard); medium to large (Hedrick). Pretty uniform in shape and quality; the apples run small and uneven on old trees (Hedrick).

'''Form:''' Oblate or roundish oblate (Downing); roundish oblate, very regular (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); roundish, oblate (Thomas); roundish conic, slightly flattened at base, regular, symmetrical (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick); round, a little flattened each end (Bunyard).

'''Stem/Stalk:''' Short to medium, slender (Downing); usually short to medium, but rather long on small fruit and rather slender (Beach); short to medium (Lowther); medium (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); short, long on small fruit, slender (Hedrick); very slender, rather long (Bunyard).

'''Cavity:''' Green, russet (Downing); decidedly acuminate, rather deep, moderately narrow to rather broad, russeted (Beach); decidedly acuminate, rather deep (Lowther); deep, acute, regular, with slight stellate russet (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); acuminate, deep, narrow, russeted (Hedrick); remarkably narrow and deep, with the crimson flush and broad stripes extending right into the cavity (Bunyard).

'''Calyx:''' Partially closed (Downing); medium size, closed or partly open; lobes broad, obtuse to acute (Beach); medium sized, closed or partly open (Lowther); partially closed, segments erect convergent (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); closed or partly open; lobes broad, obtuse (Hedrick); eye very small, closed (Bunyard).

'''Basin:''' Deep, abrupt, uneven (Downing); medium in depth to rather shallow, rather narrow, abrupt, smooth, symmetrical (Beach); deep, smooth, regular, abrupt, sometimes finely wrinkled (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); narrow, abrupt, smooth, symmetrical (Hedrick); deep and rather narrow, slightly ribbed (Bunyard).

'''Skin:''' Whitish yellow ground, shaded with deep rich crimson in the sun, obscure broken stripes and mottlings in the shade, sometimes entirely covered with crimson, many light dots (Downing). Thin, tough, pale yellow or greenish, blushed and marked with narrow stripes and splashes of red, deepening in highly colored specimens to brilliant red, very attractive; dots numerous, small, inconspicuous, pale or russet; prevailing effect bright red (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick). Surface smooth, light yellow, almost wholly covered with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side, a beautiful fruit; dots many, distinct, minute, white (Hansen, Budd-Hansen). Yellowish shade with dark red, oily (Thomas). Pale golden-yellow almost covered with brilliant crimson flush and broad stripes (Bunyard). Lowther adds that in almost all parts of the arid sections where it is grown it takes on a rich color. Hedrick notes the fruits are handsome in appearance, color, size, and shape, in all of which they are uniform.

'''Flesh/Flavor:''' White (Downing, Thomas, Hansen, Budd-Hansen, Bunyard), whitish (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick), sometimes/often stained with red. Fine-grained (Downing), moderately fine (Beach, Lowther), fine (Hedrick), loose grained (Bunyard); crisp (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick), tender (Downing, Beach, Lowther, Thomas, Hansen, Budd-Hansen, Hedrick), very juicy (Beach, Lowther, Hansen, Budd-Hansen, Hedrick; "juicy", Downing, Thomas, Bunyard). Flavor described as lively, vinous, subacid, very good (Downing); agreeable subacid, sprightly, somewhat aromatic, good to very good (Beach, Lowther); agreeable subacid, sprightly, aromatic, good to very good (Hedrick); sprightly subacid, very good (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); sub-acid, very good (Thomas); very sweet, with a pleasant strawberry flavour (Bunyard). Hedrick notes the quality, while not of the best, is good, the flesh being especially crisp, juicy, and refreshing.

'''Core/Seeds:''' Core small (Downing, Hansen, Budd-Hansen, Hedrick); medium to very small, axile or sometimes slightly abaxile; cells symmetrical, slightly open; core lines clasping (Beach); barely clasping, closed; cells round, entire (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); axile or sometimes abaxile; cells symmetrical, open; core-lines clasping (Hedrick). Calyx tube conical approaching funnel-form (Beach); funnel-shaped (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); calyx-tube conical (Hedrick). Stamens median (Beach, Hedrick); median or basal (Hansen, Budd-Hansen). Carpels medium to rather small, roundish, narrowing toward base and apex, smooth, flat (Beach); small, round, narrowing toward base and apex, smooth, flat (Hedrick). Seeds moderately dark brown, above medium, rather acute (Beach); plump (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); dark brown, acute (Hedrick).

== Season ==
October to January (Beach, Lowther, Hedrick); October to February (Hansen, Budd-Hansen); December, February (Downing); October to November (Bunyard). In season from October to early winter or mid-winter; in ordinary storage its commercial limit is October, but in cold storage it may be kept till January or later; it does not stand heat very well before going into storage, and goes down rather quickly (Beach). The fruits stand handling and storage (Hedrick).

== Uses ==
Bright red and good in quality for either dessert or culinary uses; the fruit sells well, and the variety is being planted for commercial purposes in many parts of the state, in some sections more than any other apple of its season (Beach). A standard commercial variety in the plains region, and valued as an excellent culinary and market sort elsewhere (Thomas). Dessert; "almost worth growing for its appearance alone, and to those who like a tender fleshed variety it will be acceptable; it is rather too soft for market use" (Bunyard). An ideal apple for planting as a filler among permanent trees (Hedrick).

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003354.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Rockyford, Otero, Colorado)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003356.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Douglas, Allegan, Michigan)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003459.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Rockford, Floyd, Iowa)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003510.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Passmore, Deborah Griscom (Syracuse, Onondaga, New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003357.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Douglas, Allegan, Michigan)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003455.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Rockford, Floyd, Iowa)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003505.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Syracuse, Onondaga, New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003512.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003669.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Schutt, Ellen Isham (Buffalo, Erie, New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003457.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Heiges, Bertha (Syracuse, Onondaga, New York)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003456.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003511.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Dorset, Bennington, Virginia)
File:USDA_Pomological_Wealthy_POM00003458.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Lower, Elsie E. (Rockford, Floyd, Iowa)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== USDA Bulletin 56 Notes ==
'''USDA name:''' Wealthy

'''USDA citations:''' AHortA'69

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 2 (1905). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* N.E. Hansen, A Study of Northwestern Apples (South Dakota Ag. Exp. Station Bulletin 76, 1902). Public domain.
* E.A. Bunyard, A Handbook of Hardy Fruits (1920). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 72 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/wealthy-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/wealthy-apple/ Wealthy on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Wealthy]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]

Stark

2026-04-28T17:27:40Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (stark-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Stark
|species=Apple
|at_clarno=yes
|clarno_year=2025
}}
[[File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003190.jpg|thumb|right|320px|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Landisburg, Perry, Pennsylvania). <small>Public domain. USDA National Agricultural Library.</small>]]

Large, oblong, partly covered with red; flavor mild, sub-acid; agreeable, resembling Janeton. Tree one of the very strongest growers, hardy and a most regular annual bearer; in our orchard has not failed in 14 years. It has also proved a very profitable market sort throughout the West, and is in great demand, even in Canada. A leading Stark orchardist in Calhoun Co., Ill., who bought Stark trees of us which are now in full bearing, lately ordered 500 Ben Davis and 500 Stark; the latter bearing twice as much as Ben Davis.
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/stark-apple/ Stark on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Late (Late fall (October))
|-
| '''Flavor''' || tart, mild, subacid
|-
| '''Flavor notes''' || Mildly tart, pleasant flavor; firm flesh
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, cooking, baking, drying
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Good
|-
| '''Size''' || Large
|-
| '''Shape''' || Round
|-
| '''Skin color''' || striped red, red, yellow, green, russet, striped, crimson, dark
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow crisp
|-
| '''Origin''' || Ohio or Indiana, USA, c. 1875. Likely Ohio or Indiana, USA; mid to late 1800s
|}

== Synonyms ==
Robinson, Starke Apple, Yeats

== Fruit ==
'''Size:''' Large, sometimes very large, quite uniform in size and shape (Beach; Hedrick; Downing; Lowther; Central Experimental Farm; Thomas).

'''Form:''' Roundish, inclining to conic, sometimes a little elongated, and sometimes slightly oblique (Downing). Roundish inclined to conic, varying to slightly oblate or to roundish ovate; sides sometimes unequal (Beach; Hedrick). Roundish conical (Lowther). Oblong, tapering to the eye (Central Experimental Farm). Well-turned in shape (Hedrick).

'''Stem:''' Short to medium in length, moderately stout (Beach); short, stout (Hedrick); short, rather stout (Downing).

'''Cavity:''' Medium in size, acuminate or approaching acute, moderately deep, rather wide to moderately narrow, sometimes gently furrowed, occasionally lipped, sometimes russeted and with outspreading russet (Beach). Hedrick describes the cavity as deep and wide (otherwise matching Beach in being acuminate, sometimes furrowed, occasionally lipped, sometimes russeted with outspreading russet). Downing simply gives a medium cavity.

'''Calyx:''' Closed (Downing); medium to rather large, closed or partly open (Beach); large, closed or partly open (Hedrick).

'''Basin:''' Rather large, slightly corrugated (Downing); shallow and obtuse to medium in depth and somewhat abrupt, rather wide, slightly wrinkled (Beach); shallow, obtuse, wide, wrinkled (Hedrick).

'''Skin:''' Greenish yellow, shaded, splashed, and striped with light and dark red nearly over the whole surface, and thickly sprinkled with light and brown dots, a portion of them areole dots (Downing). Smooth or slightly roughened with russet dots; pale green becoming yellow more or less blushed and mottled with red and rather indistinctly striped with darker red; prevailing effect dull green and red, but in highly colored specimens fairly bright red (Beach). Pale yellow more or less blushed and mottled with red and indistinctly striped with darker red; prevailing effect dull green and red, in highly-colored specimens bright red (Hedrick). Greenish yellow, nearly covered with purple red and sprinkled with brown dots (Central Experimental Farm). Yellow-red (Lowther); striped (Thomas). The skin is thick and tough, making the fruit stand handling well and desirable for distant shipment (Beach; Hedrick). It is often dull and not attractive, sometimes having but very little red color, yet under favorable conditions it is nearly covered with red, and in the spring when the contrasting yellow tints are fully developed it becomes quite attractive (Beach).

'''Flesh/Flavor:''' Yellowish, a little coarse, moderately juicy, mild subacid; good (Downing). Yellowish, firm, moderately fine to rather coarse, breaking, rather tender, juicy, sprightly, mild subacid, not high in flavor; fair to good, or nearly good, in quality (Beach). Yellow, firm, fine, breaking, tender, juicy, sprightly, mild subacid; fair to good (Hedrick). Yellowish, crisp, a little coarse, moderately juicy, mildly sub-acid, quality good (Central Experimental Farm). Coarse, mild sub-acid, good (Thomas). Quality good (Lowther). Has a mild flavor and ranks only medium in quality (Beach); not good enough in quality for a dessert fruit, though well liked for culinary purposes and prime favorites for drying (Hedrick).

'''Calyx tube:''' Rather wide, truncate cone-shape with fleshy pistil point projecting into the base, or approaching funnel-form (Beach); wide, truncate cone-shape with fleshy pistil point projecting into the base (Hedrick).

'''Stamens:''' Median or below (Beach); median (Hedrick).

'''Core/Seeds:''' Core small (Downing; Hedrick); medium to rather small, axile (Beach); cells uniform, symmetrical, closed or partly open; core lines meeting or slightly clasping (Beach), core-lines meeting (Hedrick). Carpels thin, tender, flat, broadly roundish to obcordate, emarginate, mucronate, tufted (Beach; Hedrick). Seeds few, long, acute, tufted (Beach; Hedrick).

== Season ==
January to May (Downing; Central Experimental Farm); January to June at Geneva, NY in ordinary storage, with May as the usual commercial limit (Beach); November to April (Hedrick); winter (Lowther). Valuable as a keeper (Thomas); a long keeper (Downing); the fruits keep well (Beach; Hedrick).

== Uses ==
Family use (Lowther). Well liked for baking and evaporating (Beach); well liked for culinary purposes and prime favorites for drying (Hedrick). Often sells in the general market at remunerative prices and is regarded by some as a good apple for export trade (Beach). The firm flesh and thick, tough skin make the crop desirable for distant shipment (Beach; Hedrick). Not good enough in quality for a dessert fruit (Hedrick).

== Illustrations ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="240">
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003190.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Landisburg, Perry, Pennsylvania)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003191.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Sunbury, Northumberland, Pennsylvania)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003192.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Elysburg, Northumberland, Pennsylvania)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003194.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Newton, Amanda Almira (Wenatchee, Chelan, Washington)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003193.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Ontario, Washington, Pennsylvania)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003196.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003197.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Arnold, Mary Daisy (Fennville, Allegan, Michigan)
File:USDA_Pomological_Stark_POM00003195.jpg|USDA Pomological Watercolor by Steadman, Royal Charles (Newark, New Castle, Delaware)
</gallery>

<small>U.S. Department of Agriculture Pomological Watercolor Collection. Rare and Special Collections, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD 20705</small>

== Sources ==
* S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 1 (1905). Public domain.
* A.J. Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1869). Public domain.
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 33 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/stark-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/stark-apple/ Stark on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Stark]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]
[[Category:Preserved at Clarno]]

Red Delicious

2026-04-28T17:27:33Z

Bot: Bot: enrich variety page from Variety Finder data (delicious-apple)

{{Variety Infobox
|name=Red Delicious
|species=Apple
}}
(Trade-Mark) Distinctive in shape and marvelously beautiful in color, remarkable in quality and perfect in tree and blossom. Stark Delicious stands so apart from all other apples as to make the writing of a description doing it full justice an almost impossible task. Keeps well; in quality it is surpassed by nothing, the finest apple in all the world. NNCS
'''Read the full entry:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/delicious-apple/ Delicious on the Variety Finder] for deeper history, every book quote, and all nursery catalog references.

== Quick Facts ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| '''Type''' || Apple
|-
| '''Season''' || Late
|-
| '''Flavor''' || subacid, aromatic, mild
|-
| '''Uses''' || fresh eating, baking
|-
| '''Keeping quality''' || Good
|-
| '''Size''' || Large
|-
| '''Shape''' || Oblong
|-
| '''Skin color''' || striped red, red, yellow, green, crimson, dark, striped, pale
|-
| '''Flesh''' || Yellow firm
|-
| '''Origin''' || Iowa, USA, c. 1881
|}

== Synonyms ==
Stark Delicious

== Fruit ==
'''Size:''' Large; ranges from 72 to 140 per box (Lowther). Bunyard gives medium, 2½ by 2¼ inches. Fisher reports medium to large. Varies considerably in size in response to environment (Lowther).

'''Form:''' Roundish-conic to oblong-conic, ribbed (Hedrick, Budd & Hansen); oblong conical with the calyx end irregular in form (Lowther); round, conical, angular (Bunyard); conical, oblong (Fisher). Uniform (Hedrick).

'''Stem:''' Long, medium thick (Hedrick); medium, stout (Budd & Hansen); medium (Bunyard).

'''Cavity:''' Deep, broad, often furrowed, flaring, greenish (Hedrick); regular, large, deep, gradual, russet (Budd & Hansen); fairly deep (Bunyard).

'''Calyx/Eye:''' Medium, nearly closed, with long, narrow, acute lobes (Hedrick); medium, closed; calyx segments medium, erect or reflexed at tips (Budd & Hansen); slightly open (Bunyard). Calyx-tube long, wide funnel-shaped (Hedrick).

'''Basin:''' Moderately deep, wide, abrupt, very strongly furrowed and corrugated (Hedrick); regular, large, deep, gradual, with furrows and knobs (Budd & Hansen); rather deep, ribbed (Bunyard).

'''Skin:''' Very thick, tough, smooth (Hedrick); medium thick, tenacious; surface smooth except for the ribbing (Budd & Hansen); very thick (Fisher).

'''Color:''' Light yellow, nearly to almost entirely overspread with dark, attractive red, splashed and mottled with carmine (Hedrick); yellow, washed with mixed red, splashes and broken stripes of bright crimson, with whitish bloom (Budd & Hansen); golden-yellow with dark crimson flush and stripes (Bunyard); yellowish red, sometimes striped and sometimes deep red (Lowther); green covered with red stripes (Fisher); green-red (Fisher, Bountiful Ridge seedling). Varies considerably in color in response to environment (Lowther). Dots numerous, small, yellow, some indented (Budd & Hansen, Hedrick).

'''Flesh/Flavor:''' Yellow/yellowish (Budd & Hansen, Hedrick, Fisher), firm (Bunyard, Hedrick, Fisher), a little coarse (Hedrick), tender (Budd & Hansen, Hedrick), fine in texture (Budd & Hansen), juicy (Budd & Hansen, Bunyard, Hedrick, Fisher), aromatic (Hedrick), highly flavored (Bunyard). Flavor mild subacid, very pleasant (Lowther, Budd & Hansen, Hedrick); rich, distinctive flavor regarded as the variety's chief asset (Hedrick); sweetish, very good flavor (Fisher, Bountiful Ridge seedling). Quality good to very good (Budd & Hansen, Hedrick, Fisher).

'''Core/Seeds:''' Core conical, clasping, medium (Budd & Hansen); medium in size, axile, closed with clasping core-lines (Hedrick). Seeds plump, medium, brown (Budd & Hansen); of medium size (Hedrick).

== Season ==
Early winter (Budd & Hansen); November to January (Bunyard); December to last of February (Hedrick); December–March in storage (Fisher). Lowther reports keeping them in "common storage" in good condition until March. Sources show a "lack of unanimity of opinion" on storage behavior (Lowther); fruit shipped from the Pacific Northwest has been received in prime condition in Eastern and Southern markets (Lowther).

== Uses ==
Dessert (Bunyard); very desirable for dessert with mild subacid, very pleasant flavor (Lowther). Not so highly regarded for cooking, although a very good baking apple (Lowther). A high-priced market apple at the time of writing (Lowther).

== Sources ==
* Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914). Public domain.
* H.H. Fisher, A Survey of Apple Clones in the United States (USDA ARS, 1963). Public domain.
* U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922). Public domain.
* J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914). Public domain.
* E.A. Bunyard, A Handbook of Hardy Fruits (1920). Public domain.
* USDA Pomological Watercolor Collection, U.S. National Agricultural Library.
* 34 historical nursery catalog references (see [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/delicious-apple/ Variety Finder] for the full list).
* '''Full entry with all citations:''' [https://heritageapplecorps.org/varieties/delicious-apple/ Delicious on the Variety Finder]

== Trees of this Variety in Our Collection ==
{{#ask: [[Has variety::Red Delicious]]
|?Has orchard=Orchard
|?Has field tag=Tag
|?Has condition=Condition
|format=table
|sort=Has orchard, Has field tag
}}

[[Category:Varieties]]
[[Category:Apple Trees]]