Kirkbridge
AppleKirkbridge
Origin/History
Said to be of American origin (Beach; Budd-Hansen). The variety has been pretty extensively cultivated in some parts of the Western states, and sometimes mistaken for the Yellow June (Warder; Beach quoting Warder). It is but little known in New York and not recommended for planting there (Beach). Thomas notes it is valuable at the West.
Tree
Sources vary slightly on vigor: Warder describes the tree as of moderate growth; Beach calls it a moderate grower; Downing and Budd-Hansen describe it as of rather slow (Downing) or slow (Budd-Hansen), upright growth; Thomas calls it a slow grower. All sources agree it bears early and is productive — an early and abundant bearer (Downing), an early and heavy bearer (Budd-Hansen), a great and early bearer (Thomas), comes into bearing young and is productive (Beach).
Fruit
Size: Small (Warder); below medium (Downing); small to medium (Beach; Budd-Hansen); medium in size or rather large (Elliott); medium (Thomas).
Form: Oblong-conic, regular (Warder); oblong ovate, very irregular, ribbed (Downing); oblong conic (Beach); oblong conic, broadly ribbed, sometimes inclined and unequal, very irregular (Budd-Hansen); oval, ribbed, tapering equally to each end, and blunt at the ends (Elliott); oval, tapering to apex and base, equally blunt at ends with broad ribs (Thomas).
Surface/Skin: Smooth (Warder; Elliott; Thomas; Budd-Hansen); pale yellow or white (Warder); yellowish white (Downing; Budd-Hansen); pale yellow (Elliott; Thomas); pale yellow or whitish (Beach).
Dots: Minute, gray, scattered (Warder); few, very minute, obscure, suffused, whitish (Budd-Hansen).
Stem: Long, slender, green (Warder; Budd-Hansen); short (Elliott; Thomas); short and small (Downing).
Cavity: Deep, acute, regular, brown (Warder); narrow (Downing; Elliott; Thomas); narrow, acute, regular, with irregular russet patch (Budd-Hansen).
Calyx/Eye: Eye small, closed; segments reflexed (Warder). Calyx small and closed, segments long, reflexed (Downing). Calyx small, closed, segments long-pointed, erect convergent (Budd-Hansen).
Basin: Small, shallow or abrupt, narrow, regular (Warder); narrow (Downing; Elliott; Thomas); narrow, abrupt, slightly corrugated (Budd-Hansen).
Flesh/Flavor: White, fine-grained, tender, juicy; flavor sub-acid; quality very good (Warder). White, tender, juicy, subacid; good (Downing). White, fine, tender, juicy, pleasant subacid, good to very good (Beach). Very tender, sub-acid, fine-grained; "good" (Elliott). Very tender, fine-grained, with a moderately "good" sub-acid flavor (Thomas). White, very tender, fine-grained, juicy, pleasant subacid, very good (Budd-Hansen). Too tender for distant shipment (Budd-Hansen); too tender for long transportation (Thomas).
Core/Seeds: Core medium, pyriform, regular, open, meeting the eye; seeds numerous, plump, pointed, brown (Warder). Core rather large (Downing). Core rather large, open, meeting; cells elliptical, slit; tube conical; stamens basal; seeds numerous, very plump, blunt (Budd-Hansen).
Season
July, August, after Early Harvest (Warder). August and September (Downing; Beach; Budd-Hansen). Latter part of Summer (Elliott). Ripens soon after Early Harvest and for six weeks (Thomas).
Uses
Table, market (Warder). Too tender for distant shipment / long transportation (Budd-Hansen; Thomas). Valuable at the West (Thomas).
Subtypes/Variants
Not described in source.
Other
Not described in source.
Book Sources
Described in 6 period pomological works
- Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867) — listed as Kirkbridge White
- Beach, The Apples of New York Vol. 2 (1905)
- Budd & Hansen, Systematic Pomology (1914)
- Downing, Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1900) — listed as Kirkbridge White
- Elliott, The Western Fruit Book (1865) — listed as Kirkbridge White
- Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903) — listed as Kirkbridge White
Nursery Catalog Sources
Found in 4 catalogs (1900–1913) from Illinois
- Central Experimental Farm , Dominion Department of Agriculture, Agassiz, British Columbia (under test; Bulletin No. 3, Second Series) — 1900
- Benjamin Buckman (personal inventory) , Farmingdale , Illinois — 1901 — listed as Bohannon
- Benjamin Buckman (personal inventory) , Farmingdale , Illinois — 1901 — listed as Kirkbridge White
- Benjamin Buckman (personal inventory) , Farmingdale , Illinois — 1913 — listed as Kirkbridge White
View original book sources (6)
— John A. Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867)Kirkbridge White.
This fruit has been pretty extensively cultivated in some parts of the Western States, and sometimes mistaken for the Yellow June. Tree of moderate growth, bears early, productive.
Fruit small, oblong-conic, regular; Surface smooth, pale yellow or white; Dots minute, gray, scattered.
Basin small, shallow or abrupt, narrow, regular; Eye small, closed; Segments reflexed.
Cavity deep, acute, regular, brown; Stem long, slender, green.
Core medium, pyriform, regular, open, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump, pointed, brown; Flesh white, fine-grained, tender, juicy; Flavor sub-acid; Quality very good; Use, table, market; Season, July, August, after Early Harvest.
— A.J. Downing, The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1900)Kirkbridge White. Tree of rather slow upright growth, an early and abundant bearer. Fruit below medium, oblong ovate, very irregular, ribbed, yellowish white. Stalk short and small, in a narrow cavity. Calyx small and closed. Segments long, reflexed. Basin narrow. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Core rather large. Good. August and September.
— S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York, Vol. 2 (1905)KIRKBRIDGE.
References. 1. Downing, 1857:160. 2. Mag. Hort., 24:108. 1858. 3. Warder, 1867:671. 4. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1871:8. 5. Downing, 1872:10 index, app. 6. Thomas, 1875:195. 7. Downing, 1881:11 index, app. 8. Ib., 1881:12 index, app. 9. Budd-Hansen, 1903:111.
Synonyms. Bohannon (2). Conic June (7). Kirkbridge (2, 3, 7, 8, 9). Kirkbridge White (1, 4, 5, 6). White June (5). Yellow Flat (8). Yellow June (6, erroneously 3, of some 5).
Fruit small to medium, oblong conic, pale yellow or whitish; flesh white, fine, tender, juicy, pleasant subacid, good to very good. The tree is a moderate grower, comes into bearing young and is productive. Season August and September. Not recommended for planting in New York.
Historical. In 1867 Warder (3) wrote concerning Kirkbridge White: "This fruit has been pretty extensively cultivated in some parts of the Western states and sometimes it is mistaken for the Yellow June." It is said to be of American origin. It is but little known in New York.
— F.R. Elliott, The Western Fruit Book (1865)Kirkbridge White.
Medium in size or rather large, oval, ribbed, tapering equally to each end, and blunt at the ends ; skin, smooth, pale yellow ; stem, short ; cavity and basin both very narrow ; flesh, very tender, sub-acid, fine-grained ; "good." Latter part of Summer.
— John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903)Kirkbridge White. (Yellow June.) Size medium, oval, tapering to apex and base, equally blunt at ends with broad ribs, smooth; pale yellow; stem short; cavity and basin very narrow; flesh very tender, fine-grained, with a moderately "good" sub-acid flavor. Ripens soon after Early Harvest and for six weeks. Tree a slow grower, but a great and early bearer; valuable at the West. Too tender for long transportation.
— J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914)Kirkbridge. — Of American origin; tree of slow, upright growth, an early and heavy bearer.
Fruit small to medium, oblong conic, broadly ribbed, sometimes inclined and unequal, very irregular; surface smooth, yellowish white; dots few, very minute, obscure, suffused, whitish; cavity narrow, acute, regular, with irregular russet patch; stem long, slender, green; basin narrow, abrupt, slightly corrugated; calyx small, closed, segments long-pointed, erect convergent. Core rather large, open, meeting; cells elliptical, slit; tube conical; stamens basal; seeds numerous, very plump, blunt; flesh white, very tender, fine-grained, juicy, pleasant subacid, too tender for distant shipment, very good. August and September.