Lowell. Orange, of some. Greasy Pippin, Tallow Apple, Queen Anne, Tallow Pippin, Pound Royal, erroneously.

American. The early habit of productiveness, with the large fair fruit, will always command a place in large orchards, where this variety is known. Trees, thrifty, rather strong growers, spreading; most valuable on rich heavy soils. Fruit, large; form, roundish oblong, slightly conical; color, green, becoming rich yellow; oily surface; stem, long, slender; cavity, narrow; calyx, small, nearly closed; basin, deep, furrowed; flesh, yellowish white, rather coarse, sub-acid, fine aroma; core, medium or small; seeds, ovate. August and early September.

— F.R. Elliott, The Western Fruit Book (1865)

Lowell.

TALLOW PIPPIN, QUEEN ANNE, &c.

Origin unknown.

Tree vigorous, healthy, round-headed; Foliage yellowish green.

Fruit large, round, slightly conic, truncated, regular; Surface smooth, waxy yellow, not blushed or bronzed, becoming greasy when kept indoors; Dots numerous, green.

Basin deep, abrupt, regular; Eye medium, closed.

Cavity medium, regular, green; Stem long, slender.

Core medium, oval, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, angular, pointed, pale; Flesh yellow, tender, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic; Quality very good; Use, table, cooking, drying, market; Season, August, September.

— John A. Warder, American Pomology: Apples (1867)

Lowell. Michigan Golden. Tallow Apple. Greasy Pippin. Golden Pippin of some.

Origin unknown. Tree hardy, vigorous, spreading, productive, wood reddish brown. Fruit large, roundish oval or conic, bright waxen yellow, oily. Stalk of medium length. Cavity deep, uneven. Basin deep, abrupt, and furrowed. Calyx closed. Flesh yellowish white, with a brisk, rich, rather acid flavor. Good to very good. September, October.

— A.J. Downing, The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America (1900)

Lowell.* (Orange, Tallow Apple, Tallow Pippin, Queen Anne, of Northern Ohio.) Large, roundish-oblong, obtuse, slightly conical; green, becoming rich yellow; surfaces lightly oily; stalk one inch long; basin deep, furrowed or plaited inside, rim obtuse, even; flesh yellowish white, rather coarse, rich sub-acid, or rather acid; hardly first quality, but valuable for its fair surface and great and early productiveness. Early autumn. Tree rather slender and a moderate grower.

— John J. Thomas, The American Fruit Culturist (1903)

LOWELL.

REFERENCES. 1. Cultivator, 5:246. 1848. 2. Cole, 1849:109. 3. Thomas, 1849:157. 4. Waring, 1851:27. 5. Barry, 1851:285. 6. Elliott, 1854:88. fig. 7. Hooper, 1857:55. 8. Gregg, 1857:46. fig. 9. Downing, 1857:166. 10. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat., 1862. 11. Warder, 1867:576. 12. Fitz, 1872:145. 13. Lyon, Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1890:294. 14. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:243. 15. Mich. Sta. Bul., 105:108. 1894. 16. Lyon, Ib., 118:60. 1895. 17. Burrill and McCluer, Ill. Sta. Bul., 45:330. 1896. 18. N. C. Ed. Agr. Bul., 1900:7. 19. Kan. Sta. Bul., 106:53. 1902. 20. Mo. Fr. Sta. Bul., 3:27. 1902. 21. Powell and Fulton, U. S. B. P. I. Bul., 48:48. 1903. 22. Farrand, Mich. Sta. Bul., 205:45. 1903. 23. Budd-Hansen, 1903:117. 24. Beach and Clark, N. Y. Sta. Bul., 248:130. 1904.

SYNONYMS. Greasy Pippin (6, 9, 16, 22, 24, of some 23). LOWELL (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24). Lowell (1). LOWELL (Pippin) (14). Orange (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, of some 6). Pound Royal (2, 7, erroneously 6). Queen Anne (1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 11, of Northern Ohio 3, of Ohio 5). Tallow (2, 7). TALLOW APPLE (1). Tallow Apple (3, 6, 9, of some 23). Tallow Pippin (3, 5, 6, 11, 15, 24).

Fruit rather large; clear yellow with waxy surface. Flesh a little coarse, very juicy, sprightly subacid and desirable for either dessert or culinary uses. It ripens in succession through a period of several weeks and is apt to drop as it ripens. Its season extends from late August to October and under favorable conditions a portion of the fruit may be kept till winter (24). The tree is a good grower, hardy, long-lived and a reliable cropper giving good crops biennially and sometimes annually. This fruit is grown for home use and to a limited extent for local market.

Historical. Lowell is an old variety of American origin (6) which is quite generally known in many parts of the state, especially in Western New York. It is still commonly listed by nurserymen, but is being planted but little and its cultivation appears to be on the decline.

TREE. Tree rather large, vigorous. Form upright spreading, rather open. Twigs long, curved, moderately stout; internodes medium. Bark dark brown, mottled with scarf-skin; heavily pubescent. Lenticels numerous, small to medium size, not raised. Buds prominent, medium to large, broad, plump, obtuse, pubescent.

FRUIT. Fruit large, fairly uniform in size but somewhat variable in shape. Form roundish oblong inclined to conic, unsymmetrical, irregular. Stem medium to rather long, moderately thick, deflected to one side. Cavity acute or approaching acuminate, rather shallow to moderately deep, medium to rather broad, sometimes furrowed, occasionally compressed, often lightly russeted. Calyx medium to large, closed or partly open. Basin rather shallow to moderately deep, medium in width, somewhat abrupt, often slightly furrowed and wrinkled. Skin thin, tender, smooth or with occasional russet dots and flecks, waxy, at first green but eventually becoming rich yellow. Dots very numerous, small, inconspicuous, brown or russet or submerged. Calyx tube usually rather long, rather wide, conical approaching funnelform. Stamens median or nearly so. Core rather large, axile to somewhat abaxile; cells closed; core lines meeting or somewhat clasping. Carpels roundish to pointed obovate, emarginate. Seeds dark brown, not uniform in shape, medium size, obtuse to somewhat acute. Flesh greenish or tinged with yellow, rather firm, medium to rather fine-grained, crisp, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, good to very good. Season August to October.

— S.A. Beach, The Apples of New York, Vol. 2 (1905)

Lowell.—Origin unknown; tree vigorous, spreading, productive, the oily skin gives it the name of Tallow Apple or Greasy Pippin in some localities.

Fruit large, roundish oblong, nearly regular, truncated, slightly conical; surface rich bright, waxen yellow, very unctuous at maturity; dots distinct, numerous, minute, white; cavity deep, uneven, acute with trace of stellate russet; stem short; basin abrupt, deep, furrowed; calyx closed; segments connivent. Core closed; cells elliptical, slit; tube funnel-shaped; stamens basal; seeds few; flesh yellowish white, pleasant, brisk rather acid flavor, good to very good. September, October.

— J.L. Budd & N.E. Hansen, American Horticultural Manual, Part II: Systematic Pomology (1914)

Lowell (10). Size: large. Form: re. Quality: very good. Use: both kitchen and market. Season: early autumn. N. Div.: 4* (reported as adapted to or grown in more than one of the three divisions of the American Pomological Society).

— Granville Lowther (ed.), Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture (1914)

LOWELL. Greasy Pippin. Tallow. Tallow Pippin. Though now superseded by better sorts of its season, Lowell was a most important variety in the apple orchards of a generation ago. It is preeminently an apple for the home orchard, since it furnishes fruit for dessert or cooking from late summer to early winter. The flesh, while coarse, is pleasantly flavored, and the large, bright-yellow apples, with a most perceptible coating of wax, giving rise to the expressive names Greasy Pippin and Tallow Pippin, are very attractive in appearance. Where and when it originated is not known, but it has been under cultivation for at least a century and is generally distributed throughout the East and North. Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading, open. Fruit large, uniform in size but variable in shape, round-oblong, conic, unsymmetrical, irregular; stem long, thick, deflected to one side; cavity acute, shallow, broad, often russeted; calyx large, closed or partly open; basin shallow, medium in width, abrupt, often furrowed and wrinkled; skin thin, tender, smooth or with occasional russet dots and flecks, waxy, rich yellow; dots numerous, inconspicuous, brown, russet or submerged; calyx-tube long, wide, conical; stamens median; core large, axile to abaxile; cells closed; core-lines meeting or clasping; carpels obovate, emarginate; seeds dark brown, medium in size, obtuse; flesh yellow, firm, fine-grained, crisp, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid; good to very good; August to October.

— U.P. Hedrick, Cyclopedia of Hardy Fruits (1922)

Planted Spring 1895. Tree a vigorous grower and productive. Fruit large, oblong, oval. Skin yellow and oily. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, mildly sub-acid, with a pleasant flavour, quality good. Season September and October.

— Central Experimental Farm, Central Experimental Farm, Agassiz BC — Catalogue of Fruit Trees under Test (Bulletin No. 3, 1900) (1900)